UPSC Prelims Economy & Agriculture PYQs, 2011-2026

Consider the following statements with reference to the Sagarmala Programme of the Government of India :
I. The Sagarmala Programme seeks to achieve port-led economic growth through cost-effective and sustainable coastal infrastructure.
II. The success of the Sagarmala Programme is reflected in significant growth in coastal and inland waterway shipping, along with improved global port rankings.
III. Sagarmala 2.0 aims to position India as a global maritime innovation hub aligned with Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat 2047 visions.

Which of the following relationships among the above statements is/are correct ?
1. Statement II validates the effectiveness of the strategies envisioned in statement I.
2. Statement III extends the objectives of statement I by embedding them into a future-oriented innovation framework.
3. Statement I contradicts statement III by focusing only on traditional infrastructure instead of modern innovation.

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In what way(s) does the Vizhinjam International Seaport represent a structural shift in India's maritime trade and logistics policy ?
1. By functioning exclusively as a domestic cargo hub to reduce reliance on coastal shipping and eliminate the need for foreign collaborations.
2. By focusing primarily on passenger cruise tourism and heritage shipping to increase Kerala's profile as a maritime heritage destination.
3. By leveraging its natural deep draft and strategic location to reduce dependence on foreign trans-shipment ports, enhance revenue retention, and reposition India in regional maritime trade.

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Which among the following is/are the objective(s) of the Rainfed Area Development (RAD) initiative under the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) ?
1. Encouraging monoculture in rainfed areas
2. Increasing rice cultivation in irrigated regions
3. Enhancing productivity and minimising climatic risks through Integrated Farming Systems (IFS)

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Which of the following is/are the most significant implication(s) of obtaining Oeko-Tex certification for Eri Silk in the global textile industry ?
1. It allows Indian exporters to compete in high-end markets that prioritise chemical-free products.
2. It confirms that Eri Silk meets international safety, environmental, and quality standards, enabling its entry into premium eco-conscious markets.

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Which of the following statements about Real-World Assets (RWA) Tokenization are correct ?
1. Tokenization is the process of turning real world assets into digital tokens using blockchain technology.
2. Tokenization of real world assets offers 24 x 7 access, promoting financial inclusion.
3. Tokenization of real world assets will allow the access to high growth investment opportunities for individuals in India.

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Which of the following statements about M1xchange’s role in Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) financing is/are correct ?
1. M1xchange provides collateral based loans to MSMEs.
2. M1xchange facilitates discounting of invoices and Bills of Exchange for MSMEs.
3. M1xchange functions as a credit rating agency for MSMEs.

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Which of the following statements about insurance in aviation sector is/are correct ?
1. ‘Aviation Hull Insurance’ covers the physical aircraft, including the body, engine, and on-board equipment.
2. Under the Montreal Convention, adopted in 1999 by over 130 countries, including India, airlines are strictly liable to pay compensation to the family/nominee of every deceased passenger without requiring the family to prove fault.

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Which of the following statements about Crowdfunding is/are correct ?
1. Crowdfunding is solicitation of funds (small amount) from multiple investors through a web-based platform or social networking site for a specific project.
2. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are able to raise funds at lower cost of capital without undergoing rigorous procedures.

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With reference to different Committees in India, consider the following details :

1. R.N. Malhotra Committee | Comprehensive reforms of Insurance sector in India | Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India
2. L.C. Gupta Committee | Preparing a roadmap for the introduction of derivatives trading in India | Securities and Exchange Board of India
3. Urjit R. Patel Committee | Preparing a roadmap for reforming bank lending to the Housing sector | Reserve Bank of India
4. Y.H. Malegam Committee | Preparing a roadmap for reforms in Microfinance sector in India | Reserve Bank of India

In which of the above rows are all the details correctly matched ?

Consider the following statements about the Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India :
1. NBFCs cannot accept demand deposits.
2. All the NBFCs operating in India have to be registered with the RBI.
3. NBFCs form part of the payment and settlement system and can issue cheque drawn on itself.
4. Deposit insurance facility of Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) is not available to the depositors of deposit taking NBFCs.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Consider the following statements about Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) :
1. MPI is calculated using Alkire-Foster methodology.
2. MPI calculated by NITI Aayog has a total of twelve indicators.
3. Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in the MPI of NITI Aayog and MPI of United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Which of the following statements about a Zero First Information Report (Zero FIR) under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023 is/are correct ?
1. A Zero FIR can be lodged at a police station, even though the place of commission of a cognizable/non-cognizable offence is outside the territorial jurisdiction of that police station.
2. The Officer-in-Charge of the police station where a Zero FIR has been lodged may, with the permission of the competent authority, initiate a preliminary enquiry.
3. Under Zero FIR, it is obligatory for the informant to furnish information electronically.

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With reference to the organisations under the Government of India, consider the following details :

1. Central Economic Intelligence Bureau (CEIB) | To coordinate between various law enforcement agencies | Ministry of Affairs
2. Serious Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO) | To investigate complex corporate frauds | Ministry of Finance
3. Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) | To preserve values in public life and ensure the health of the national economy | Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pension

In how many of the above rows are the given details correctly matched ?

The money multiplier in an economy increases with which one of the following?

With reference to Indian economy, demand-pull inflation can be caused/increased by which of the following?

1. Expansionary policies

2. Fiscal stimulus

3. Inflation-indexing wages

4. Higher purchasing power

5. Rising interest rates

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With reference to India, consider the following statements:

1. Retail investors through demat account can invest in ‘Treasury Bills’ and ‘Government of India Debt Bonds’ in primary market.

2. The ‘Negotiated Dealing System-Order Matching’ is a government securities trading platform of the Reserve Bank of India.

3. The ‘Central Depository Services Ltd.’ Is jointly promoted by the Reserve Bank of India and the Bombay Stock Exchange.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In India, the Central bank’s function as the ‘Lender of last resort’ usually refers to which of the following?

1. Lending to trade and industry bodies when they fail to borrow from other sources

2. Providing liquidity to the banks having a temporary crisis

3. Lending to governments to finance budgetary deficits

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Consider the following statements:

1. The Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is appointed by the Central Government.

2. Certain provisions in the Constitution of India give the Central Government the right to issue directions to the RBI in public interest.

3. The Governor of the RBI draws his power from the RBI Act.

Which of the above statements are correct?

With reference to casual workers employed in India, consider the following statements:

1. All casual workers are entitled for Employees Provident Fund coverage.

2. All casual workers are entitled for regular working hours and overtime payment.

3. The government can by a notification specify that an establishment or industry shall pay wages only through its bank account.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Which among the following steps is most likely to be taken at the time of an economic recession?

Consider the following statements:

Other things remaining unchanged, market demand for a good might increase if

1. Price of its substitute increase

2. Price of its complement increase

3. The good is an inferior good and income of the consumers increases

4. Its price falls

Which of the above statements are correct?

With reference to ‘Urban Cooperative Banks’ in India, consider the following statements:

1. They are supervised and regulated by local boards set up by the State Governments.

2. They can issue equity shares and preference shares.

3. They were brought under the purview of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 through an Amendment in 1966.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Indian Government Bond Yields are influenced by which of the following?

1. Actions of the United States Federal Reserve

2. Actions of the Reserve Bank of India

3. Inflation and short-term interest rates

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Consider the following:

1. Foreign currency convertible bonds

2. Foreign institutional investment with certain conditions

3. Global depository receipts

4. Non-resident external deposits

Which of the above can be included in Foreign Direct Investments?

Consider the following statements:

The effect of devaluation of a currency is that it necessarily

1. Improves the competitiveness of the domestic exports in the foreign markets

2. Increases the foreign value of domestic currency

3. Improves the trade balance

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Which one of the following effects of creation of black money in India has been the main cause of worry to the Government of India?

Which of the following is likely to be the most inflationary in its effects?

With reference to ‘Water Credit’, consider the following statements:

1. It puts microfinance tools to work in the water and sanitation sector.

2. It is a global initiative launched under the aegis of the World Health Organization and the World Bank.

3. It aims to enable the poor people to meet their water needs without depending on subsidies.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

How is permaculture farming different from conventional chemical farming?

1. Permaculture farming discourages monocultural practices but in conventional chemical farming, monoculture practices are pre-dominant.

2. Conventional chemical farming can cause increase in soil salinity but the occurrence of such phenomenon is not observed in permaculture farming.

3. Conventional chemical farming is easily possible in semi-arid regions but permaculture farming is not so easily possible in such regions.

4. Practice of mulching is very important in permaculture farming but not

necessarily so in conventional chemical farming.

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With reference to ‘palm oil’, consider the following statements :

1. The palm oil tree is native to Southeast Asia.

2. The palm oil is a raw material for some industries producing lipstick and perfumes.

3. The palm oil can be used to produce biodiesel.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Among the following, which one is the least water-efficient crop?

Consider the following statements :

Statement 1: The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) and the Arbor Day Foundation have recently recognized Hyderabad as 2020 Tree City of the World.

Statement 2 : Hyderabad was selected for the recognition for a year following its commitment to grow and maintain the urban forests.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

In the context of India’s preparation for Climate-Smart Agriculture, consider the following statements :

1. The ‘Climate-Smart Village’ approach in India is a part of a project led by the Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international research programme.

2. The project of CCAFS is carried out under Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) headquartered in France.

3. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in India is one of the CGIAR’s research centres.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

“Gold Tranche” (Reserve Tranche) refers to

If another global financial crisis happens in the near future, which of the following actions /policies are most likely to give some immunity to India?

1) Not depending on short-term foreign borrowings

2) Opening up to more foreign banks

3) Maintaining full capital account convertibility

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If you withdraw ` 1,00,000 in cash from your Demand Deposit Account at your bank, the immediate effect on aggregate money supply in the economy will be

With reference to Foreign Direct Investment in India, which one of the following is considered its major characteristic?

With reference to the international trade of India at present, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1) India’s merchandise exports are less than its merchandise imports.

2) India’s imports of iron and steel, chemicals, fertilisers and machinery have decreased in recent years.

3) India’s exports of services are more than its imports of services.

4) India suffers from an overall trade/current account deficit.

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The term ‘West Texas Intermediate’, sometimes found in news, refers to a grade of

In the context of the India economy, non-financial debt includes which of the following?

1) Housing loans owed by households

2) Amounts outstanding on credit cards

3) Treasury bills

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With reference to Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS), which of the following statements is/are correct?

1) Quantitative restrictions on imports by foreign investors are prohibited.

2) They apply to investment measures related to trade in both goods and services.

3) They are not concerned with the regulation of foreign investment.

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If the RBI decides to adopt an expansionist monetary policy, which of the following would is not do?

1) Cut and optimize the Statutory Liquidity Ratio

2) Increase the Marginal Standing Facility Rate

3) Cut the Bank Rate and Repo Rate

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With reference to the Indian economy after the 1991 economic liberalization, consider the following statements:

1) Worker productivity (` per worker at 2004 – 05 prices) increased in urban areas while it decreased in rural areas.

2) The percentage share of rural areas in the workforce steadily increased.

3) In rural areas, the growth in non-farm economy increased.

4) The growth rate in rural employment decreased.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1) In terms of short-term credit delivery to the agriculture sector, District Central cooperative Banks (DCCBs) deliver more credit in comparison to Scheduled Commercial Banks and Regional Rural Banks.

2) One of the most important functions of DCCBs is to provide funds to the primary Agricultural Credit Societies

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

What is the importance of the term “Interest Coverage Ratio” of a firm in India?

1) It helps in understanding the present risk of a firm that a bank is going to give loan to.

2) It helps in evaluating the emerging risk of a firm that a bank is going to give loan to.

3) The higher a borrowing firm’s level of Interest Coverage Ratio, the worse is its ability to service its debt,

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Which of the following factors/policies were affecting the price of rice in India in the recent past?

1) Minimum Support Price

2) Government’s trading

3) Government’s stockpiling

4) Consumer subsidies

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Consider the following statements:

1) The value of Indo-Sri Lanka trade has consistently increased in the last decade.

2) “Textile and textile articles” constitute an important item of trade between India and Bangladesh.

3) In the last five years, Nepal has been the largest trading partner of India in South Asia.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Under the Kisan Credit Card scheme, short-term credit support is given to farmers for which of the following purposes?

1) Working capital for maintenance of farm assets

2) Purchase of combine harvesters, tractors and mini trucks

3) Consumption requirements of farm households

4) Post-harvest expenses

5) Construction of family house and setting up of village cold storage facility

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Consider the following statements:

1) The weightage of food in Consumer Price Index (CPI) is higher than that in Wholesale Price Index (WPI).

2) The WPI does not capture changes in the prices of services, which CPI does.

3) Reserve Bank of India has now adopted WPI as its key measure of inflation and to decide on changing the key policy rates.

Which of the statements give above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

1) In the case of all cereals, pulses and oil-seeds, the procurement at Minimum Support Price (MSP) is unlimited in any State/UT of India.

2) In the case of cereals and pulses, the MSP is fixed in any State\UT at a level to which the market price will never rise.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following statements:

1) ‘Commercial Paper’ is a short-term unsecured promissory note.

2) ‘Certificate of Deposit’ is a long-term instrument issued by the Reserve Bank of India to a corporation.

3) ‘Call Money’ is a short-term finance used for interbank transaction.

4) ‘Zero-Coupon Bonds’ are the interest-bearing short-term bonds issued by the Scheduled Commercial Banks to corporations.

Which of the pairs above is/are correctly matched?

What is the use of biochar in farming?

1) Biochar can be used as a part of the growing medium in vertical farming.

2) When biochar is a part of the growing medium, it promotes the growth of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.

3) When biochar is a part of the growing medium, it enables the growing medium to retain water for longer time.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

What is/are the advantage/advantages of zero tillage in agriculture?

1) Sowing of wheat is possible without burning the residue of previous crop.

2) Without the need for nursery of rice saplings, direct planting of paddy seeds in the wet soil is possible.

3) Carbon sequestration in the soil is possible.

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According to India’s National Policy on Biofuels, which of the following can be used as raw materials for the production of biofuels?

1) Cassava

2) Damaged wheat grains

3) Groundnut seeds

4) Horse gram

5) Rotten potatoes

6) Sugar beet

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With reference to pulse production in India, consider the following statements:

1) Black gram can be cultivated as both kharif and rahi crop.

2) Green-gram alone accounts for nearly half of pulse production.

3) In the last three decades, while the production of kharif pulses has increased, the production of rabi pulses has decreased.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In the context of India, which of the following is/are considered to be practice(s) of eco-friendly agriculture?

1) Crop diversification

2) Legume intensification

3) Tensiometer use

4) Vertical farming

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What are the advantages of fertigation in agriculture

1) Controlling the alkalinity of irrigation water is possible.

2) Efficient application of Rock Phosphate and all other phosphatic fertilizers is possible.

3) Increased available of nutrients to plants is possible.

4) Reduction in the leaching of chemical nutrients is possible.

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With reference to chemical fertilizers in India, consider the following statements:

1) At present, the retail price of chemical fertilizers is market-driven and not administered by the Government.

2) Ammonia, which is an input of urea, is produced from natural gas.

3) Sulphur, which is a raw material for phosphoric acid fertilizer, is a by-product of oil refineries.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The money multiplier in an economy increases with which one of the following?

Consider the following statements :

The Reserve Bank of India’s recent directives relating to ‘Storage of Payment System Data’, popularly known as data diktat, command the payment system providers that

I. They shall ensure that entire data relating to payment systems operated by them are stored in a system only in India

II. They shall ensure that the systems are owned and operated by public sector enterprises

III. They shall submit the consolidated system audit report to the comptroller and Auditor General of India by the end of the calendar year

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Which one of the following is not the most likely measure the Government/RBI takes to stop the slide of Indian rupee?

Among the agricultural commodities imported by India, which one of the following accounts for the highest imports in terms of value in the last five years ?

With reference to the cultivation of Kharif crops in India in the last five years, consider the following statements :

I. Area under rice cultivation is the highest.

II. Area under the cultivation of jowar is more than that of oilseeds.

III. Area of cotton cultivation is more than that of sugarcane.

IV. Area under sugarcane cultivation has steadily decreased.

Which of the statements given above are correct ?

Consider the following statements :

I. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) exchange rates are calculated by comparing the prices of the same basket of goods and services in different countries.

II. In terms of PPP dollars, India is the sixth-largest economy in the world.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In the context of any country, which one of the following would be considered as part of its social capital ?

The economic cost of food grains to the Food corporation of India is Minimum Support Price and bonus (if any) paid to the farmers plus

Which one of the following is not a sub-index of the World Bank’s ‘Ease of Doing Business Index’?

Consider the following statements:

A. Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) is the first regulatory body set up by the Government of India.

B. One of the tasks of PNGRB is to ensure competitive markets for gas.

C. Appeals against the decisions of PNGRB go before the Appellate Tribunals for Electricity.

Which of the statements given above are correct ?

The Chairman of public sector banks are selected by the

What was the purpose of Inter-Creditor Agreement signed by Indian banks and financial institutions recently?

With reference to Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), consider the following statements:

I. AIIB has more than 80 member nations.

II. India is the largest shareholder in AIIB.

III. AIIB does not have any members from outside Asia.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

With reference to India’s Five-year Plans, which of the following statements is/are correct ?

I. From the Second Five-year Plan, there was a determined thrust towards substitution of basic and capital good industries.

II. The Fourth Five-year Plan adopted the objective of correcting the earlier trend of increased concentration of wealth and economic power.

III. In the Fifth Five-year Plan, for the first time, the financial sector was included as an integral part of the Plan.

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Which of the following is issued by registered foreign portfolio investors to overseas investors who want to be part of the Indian stock market without registering themselves directly ?

In the context of India, which of the following factors is/are contributor/contributors to reducing the risk of a currency crisis?

1) The foreign currency earnings of India’s IT sector

2) Increasing the government expenditure

3) Remittances from Indians abroad

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Which of the following is not included in the assets of a commercial bank in India?

Consider the following statements :

I. Most of India’s external debt is owed by governmental entities.

II. All of India’s external debt is denominated in US dollars.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

‘The Service Area Approach was implemented under the purview of

Consider the following statements:

As per the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Central (Amendment Rules, 2018

I. If rules for fixed-term employment are implemented, it becomes to lay off workers

II. No notice of termination of employment shall be necessary in the case of temporary workman

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Consider the following statements:

I. Coal sector was nationalized by the Government of India under Indira Gandhi.

II. Now, coal blocks are allocated on lottery basis.

III. Till recently, India imported coal to meet the shortages of domestic supply, but now India is self-sufficient in coal production.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In India, the use of carbofuran, methyl parathion, phorate and triazophos is viewed with apprehension. These chemicals are used as

Among the following, which one is the largest exporter of rice in the world in the last five years?

In a given year in India, official poverty lines are higher in some States than in others because

Atal Innovation Mission is set up under the

The Global Competitiveness Report is published by the

With reference to solar power production in India, consider the following statements:
1) India is the third largest in the world in the manufacture of silicon wafers used in photovoltaic units.
2) The solar power tariffs are determined by the Solar Energy Corporation of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which one of the following best describes the term "Merchant Discount Rate" sometimes seen in news?

With reference to India’s decision to levy an equalization tax of 6% on online advertisement services offered by non- resident entities, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1) It is introduced as a part of the Income Tax Act.
2) Non-resident entities that offer advertisement services in India can claim a tax credit in their home country under the "Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements".
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Consider the following statements: 
1) The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Review Committee Report has recommended a debt to GDP ratio of 60% for the general (combined) government by 2023, comprising 40% for the Central Government and 20% for the State Governments.
2) The Central Government has domestic liabilities of 21% of GDP as compared to that of 49% of GDP of the State Governments.
3) As per the Constitution of India, it is mandatory for a State to take the Central Government’s consent for raising any loan if the former owes any outstanding liabilities to the latter.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which one of the following links all the ATMs in India?

Increase in absolute and per capita real GNP do not connote a higher level of economic development, if:

Consider the following statements:
Human capital formation as a concept is better explained in terms of a process, which enables-
1) individuals of a country to accumulate more capital
2) increasing the knowledge, skill levels and capacities of the people of the country
3) accumulation of tangible wealth
4) accumulation of intangible wealth
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Despite being a high saving economy, capital formation may not result in significant increase in output due to

Economically, one of the results of the British rule in India in the 19th century was the

Consider the following statements:
1) The Reserve Bank of India manages and services Government of India Securities but not any State Government Securities.
2) Treasury bills are issued by the Government of India and there are no treasury bills issued by the State Governments.
3) Treasury bills offer are issued at a discount from the par value.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, consider the following statements: 
1) It is the flagship scheme of the Ministry of Labour and Employment.
2) It, among other things, will also impart training in soft skills, entrepreneurship, financial and digital literacy.
3) It aims to align the competencies of the unregulated workforce of the country to the National Skill Qualification Framework.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:
1) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is the amount that banks have to maintain in the form of their own funds to offset any loss that banks incur if the account-holders fail to repay dues.
2) CAR is decided by each individual bank.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to digital payments, consider the following statements:
1) BHIM app allows the user to transfer money to anyone with a UPI-enabled bank account.
2) While a chip-pin debit card has four factors of authentication, BHIM app has only two factors of authentication.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the governance of public sector banking in India, consider the following statements:
 
1) Capital infusion into public sector banks by the Government of India has steadily increased in the last decade.
2) To put the public sector banks in order, the merger of associate banks with the parent State Bank of India has been affected.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following items:
1) Cereal grains hulled
2) Chicken eggs cooked
3) Fish processed and canned
4) Newspapers containing advertising material
Which of the above items is/are exempted under GST (Goods and Services Tax)?

With reference to organic farming in India, consider the following statements:
1) The National Programme for Organic Production' (NPOP) is operated under the guidelines and directions of the Union Ministry of Rural Development.
2) The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority' (APEDA) functions as the Secretariat for the implementation of NPOP.
3) Sikkim has become India's first fully organic State.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)?
1. It decides the RBI's benchmark interest rates.
2. It is a 12-member body including the Governor of RBI and is reconstituted every year.
3. It functions under the chairmanship of the Union Finance Minister.
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The Trade Disputes Act of 1929 provided for-

Which of the following is/are the advantage/advantages of implementing the 'National Agriculture Market' scheme?
1. It is a pan-India electronic trading portal for agricultural commodities.
2. It provides the farmers access to nationwide market, with prices commensurate with the quality of their produce.

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With reference to the 'National Intellectual Property Rights Policy', consider the following statements:
1. It reiterates India's commitment to the Doha Development Agenda and the TRIPS Agreement.
2. Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion is the nodal agency for regulating intellectual property rights in India.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

What is the purpose of setting up of Small Finance Banks (SFBs) in India?
1. To supply credit to small business units
2. To supply credit to small and marginal farmers
3. To encourage young entrepreneurs to set up business particularly in rural areas.
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With reference to 'National Investment and Infrastructure Fund', which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is an organ of NITI Aayog.
2. It has a corpus of 4,00,000crore at present.
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The Global Infrastructure Facility is a/an

With reference to 'National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF)', which of the statements given below is/are correct?
1. Under NSQF, a learner can acquire the certification for competency only through formal learning.
2. An outcome expected from the implementation of NSQF is the mobility between vocational and general education.
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Which of the following statements best describes the term 'Scheme for Sustainable Structuring of Stressed Assets (S4A)', recently seen in the news?

Which of the following practices can help in water conservation in agriculture?
1. Reduced or zero tillage of the land
2. Applying gypsum before irrigating the field
3. Allowing crop residue to remain in the field.
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Consider the following statements: The nation-wide 'Soil Health Card Scheme' aims at
1. expanding the cultivable area under irrigation.
2. enabling the banks to assess the quantum of loans to be granted to farmers on the basis of soil quality.
3. checking the overuse of fertilizers in farmlands.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

What is/are the most likely advantages of implementing 'Goods and Services Tax (GST)'?
1. It will replace multiple taxes collected by multiple authorities and will thus create a single market in India.
2. It will drastically reduce the 'Current Account Deficit' of India and will enable it to increase its foreign exchange reserves.
3. It will enormously increase the growth and size of the economy of India and will enable it to overtake China in the near future.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Consider the following statements:
1. India has ratified the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) of WTO.
2. TFA is a part of WTO's Bali Ministerial Package of 2013.
3. TFA came into force in January 2016.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

What is the aim of the programme Unnat Bharat Abhiyan?

Consider the following statements:
1. Tax revenue as a percent of GDP of India has steadily increased in the last decade.
2. Fiscal deficit as a percent of GDP of India has steadily increased in the last decade.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

There has been a persistent deficit budget year after year. Which action/actions among the following can be taken by the Government to reduce the deficit?

1. Reducing revenue expenditure
2. Introducing new welfare schemes
3. Rationalizing subsidies
4. Reducing import duty

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

The establishment of ‘Payment Banks’ is being allowed in India to promote financial inclusion. Which of the following statements is/are correct in this context?
1. Mobile telephone companies and supermarket chains that are owned and controlled, by residents are eligible to be promoters of Payment Banks.
2. Payment Banks can issue both credit cards and debit cards.
3. Payment Banks cannot undertake lending activities.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

With reference to ‘IFC Masala Bonds’, sometimes seen in the news, which of the statements given below is/are correct?
1. The International Finance Corporation, which offers these bonds, is an arm of the World Bank.
2. They are the rupee-denominated bonds and are a source of debt financing for the public and private sector.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

In the context of which of the following, do you sometimes find the terms ‘amber box, blue box and green box’ in the news?

Which of the following is/are included in the capital budget of the Government of India?
1. Expenditure on acquisition of assets like roads, buildings, machinery, etc.
2. Loans received from foreign governments
3. Loan and advances granted to the States and Union Territories
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Recently, which one of the following currencies has been proposed to be added to the basket of IMF’s SDR?

With reference to the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC), consider the following statements:
1. IMFC discusses matters of concern affecting the global economy and advises the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on the direction of its work.
2. The World Bank participates as an observer in IMFC’s meetings.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

‘Rashtriya Garima ‘Abhiyaan’ is a national campaign to

With reference to ‘Stand Up India Scheme’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Its purpose is to promote entrepreneurship among SC/ST and women entrepreneurs.
2. It provides for refinance through SIDBI.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

The term ‘Core Banking Solution’ is sometimes seen in the news. Which of the following statements best describes/describe this term? 
1. It is a networking of a bank’s branches which enables customers to operate their accounts from any branch of the bank on its network regardless of where they open their accounts.
2. It is an effort to increase RBI’s control over commercial banks through computerization.
3. It is a detailed procedure by which a bank with huge non-performing assets is taken over by another bank.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Which of the following best describes/describe the aim of ‘Green India Mission’ of the Government of India?
1. Incorporating environmental benefits and costs into the Union and State Budgets thereby implementing the ‘green accounting’
2. Launching the second green revolution to enhance agricultural output so as to ensure food security to one and all in the future
3. Restoring and enhancing forest cover by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

With reference to pre-packaged items in India, it is mandatory to the manufacturer to put which of the following information on the main label, as per the Food Safety and Standards (Packaging and Labelling) Regulations, 2011?
1. List of ingredients including additives
2. Nutrition information
3. Recommendations, if any, made by the medical profession about the possibility of any allergic reactions
4. Vegetarian/non-vegetarian
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

India’s ranking in the ‘Ease of Doing Business Index’ is sometimes seen in the news. Which of the following has declared that ranking?

Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history were generally

What is/are the purpose/purposes of the ‘Marginal Cost of Funds based Lending Rate (MCLR)’ announced by RBI?
1. These guidelines help improve the transparency in the methodology followed by banks for determining the interest rates on advances.
2. These guidelines help ensure availability of bank credit at interest rates which are fair to the borrowers as well as the banks.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

With reference to ‘Initiative for Nutritional Security through Intensive Millets Promotion’’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. This initiative aims to demonstrate the improved production and postharvest technologies, and to demonstrate value addition techniques, in an integrated manner, with cluster approach.
2. Poor, small marginal and tribal farmers have larger stake in this scheme.
3. An important objective of the scheme is to encourage farmers of commercial crops to shift to millet cultivation by offering them free kits of critical inputs of nutrients and micro irrigation equipment.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

‘SWAYAM’, an initiative of the Government of India, aims at

With reference to ‘Bitcoins’, sometimes seen in the news, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Bitcoins are tracked by the Central Banks of the countries.
2. Anyone with a Bitcoin address can send receive Bitcoins from anyone else with a Bitcoin address.
3. Online payments can be sent without either side knowing the identity of the other.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

‘Gadgil Committee Report’ and ‘Kasturirangan Committee Report’, sometimes seen in the news, are related to

What is/are the purpose/purposes of Government’s ‘Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme’ and ‘Gold Monetization Scheme’?
1. To bring the idle gold lying with Indian households into the economy
2. To promote FDI in the gold and jewellery sector
3. To reduce India’s dependence on gold imports
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana is aimed at:

Regarding ‘Atal Pension Yojana’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a minimum guaranteed pension scheme mainly targeted at unorganized sector workers.
2. Only one member of a family can join the scheme.
3. Same amount of pension is guaranteed for spouse for lifetime after the subscriber’s death.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana was launched by the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 28 August 2014. What is the main objective of the scheme?

With Reference to the Fourteenth Finance Commission, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1) It has increased the share of States in the central divisible pool from 32 percent to 42 percent. 
2) It has made recommendations concerning sector-specific grants. 
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

In the Index of Eight Core Industries, which one of the following is given the highest weight?

In India, markets in agricultural products are regulated under the

Convertibility of rupee implies:

Which of the following statements regarding ‘Green Climate Fund’ is/are correct?
1) It is intended to assist the developing countries in adaptation and mitigation practices to counter climate change.
2) It is founded under the aegis of UNEP, OECD, Asian Development Bank and World Bank.
 
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

In India, the steel production industry requires the import of

Consider the following statements:
1) The Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Programme was launched during 1996-97 to provide loan assistance to poor farmers.
2) The Command Area Development Programme was launched in 1974-75 for the development of water-use efficiency.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

‘Basel III Accord’ or simply ‘Basel III’, often seen in the news, seeks to:

With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following statements:
1) The rate of growth of real Gross Domestic Product has steadily increased in the last decade.
2) The Gross Domestic Product at market prices (in rupees) has steadily increased in the last decade.
 
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following:
1) Bank rate
2) Open market operations
3) Public debt
4) Public revenue

Which of the above is/are the component/components of Monetary Policy?

Which reference to inflation in India, which of the following statements is correct?

The substitution of steel for wooden ploughs in agricultural production is an example of:

Which one of the following best describes the main objective of ‘Seed Village Concept'?

There has been a persistent deficit budget year after year. Which of the following actions can be taken by the government to reduce the deficit?

1) Reducing revenue expenditure
2) Introducing new welfare schemes
3) Rationalizing subsidies
4) Expanding industries

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

With reference to the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited (IREDA), which of the following statements is/are correct?
1) It is a Public Limited Government Company.
2) It is a Non-Banking Financial Company.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

What are the significances of a practical approach to sugarcane production known as ‘Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative’?
(1). Seed cost is very low in this compared to the conventional method of cultivation.
(2). Drip irrigation can be practiced very effectively in this.
(3). There is no application of chemical/ inorganic fertilizers at all in this.
(4). The scope for intercropping is more in this compared to the conventional method of cultivation.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The main objective of the 12th Five-Year Plan is

With reference to Balance of Payments, which of the following constitutes/constitute the Current Account?
(1) Balance of trade
(2) Foreign assets
(3) Balance of Invisibles
(4) Special Drawing Rights
Select the correct answer using the code given below.

What is/are the facility/facilities the beneficiaries can get from the services of Business Correspondent (Bank Saathi) in branchless areas?
(1) It enables the beneficiaries to draw their subsidies and social security benefits in their villages.
(2) It enables the beneficiaries in rural areas to make deposits and withdrawals.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Consider the following statements :
(1). Maize can be used for the production of starch.
(2). Oil extracted from maize can be a feedstock for biodiesel.
(3). Alcoholic beverages can be produced by using maize.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In the context of food and nutritional security of India, enhancing the ‘Seed Replacement Rates’ of various crops helps in achieving the food production targets of the future. But what is/are the constraint/ constraints in its wider / greater implementation?
(1). There is no National Seeds Policy in place.
(2). There is no participation of private sector seed companies in the supply of quality seeds of vegetables and planting materials of horticultural crops.
(3). There is a demand-supply gap regarding quality seeds in case of low value and high volume crops.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Which of the following organizations brings out the publication known as ‘World Economic Outlook’?

The balance of payments of a country is a systematic record of

The Reserve Bank of India regulates the commercial banks in matters of:  
1. liquidity of assets
2. branch expansion
3. merger of banks
4. winding-up of banks
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

An increase in the Bank Rate generally indicates that the

In India, deficit financing is used for raising resources for

Which of the following constitute Capital Account?

1. Foreign Loans
2. Foreign Direct Investment
3. Private Remittances
4. Portfolio Investment

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Consider the following crops :

1. Cotton
2. Groundnut
3. Rice
4. Wheat

Which of these are Kharif crops?

Consider the following statements :
1. Inflation benefits the debtors.
2. Inflation benefits the bondholders.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Disguised unemployment generally means

Consider the following pairs :
Tribe State

1. Limboo Limbu : Sikkim
2. Karbi : Himachal
3. Dongaria Kondh : Odisha
4. Bonda : Tamil Nadu

Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Consider the following liquid assets :
1. Demand deposits with the banks
2. Time deposits with the banks
3. Savings deposits with the banks
4. Currency
What is the correct sequence of these assets in the decreasing order of liquidity is?

In the context with the Indian economy, ‘Open Market Operations’ is one of the functions of the Reserve Bank of India which refers to:

To obtain full benefits of demographic dividend, what should India do?

A rise in general level of prices may be caused by
1. an increase in the money supply
2. a decrease in the aggregate level of output
3. an increase in the effective demand
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Which one of the following groups of items is included in India’s foreign–exchange reserves?

Which one of the following is likely to be the most inflationary in its effect?

Supply of money remaining the same when there is an increase in demand for money, there will be

Economic growth in country X will necessarily have to occur if:

Which of the following grants direct credit assistance to the households?

1. Regional Rural Banks
2. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
3. Land Development Banks

Select the correct answer using codes given below.

Which of the following can be said to be essentially the parts of Inclusive Governance?
1 Permitting the Non-Banking Financial Companies to do banking
2 Establishing effective District Planning Committees in all the districts
3 Increasing the government spending on public health
4 Strengthening the Mid-day Meal Scheme
Select the correct answers using the codes given below:

With reference to National Rural Health Mission, which of the following are the jobs of Asha, a trained community health worker?
1) Accompanying women to the health facility for antenatal care checkups
2) Using pregnancy test kits for early detection of pregnancy
3) Providing information on nutrition and immunization
4) Conducting the delivery of baby
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

How does the National Rural Livelihood Mission seek to improve livelihood options of rural poor?
1) By setting up a large number of new manufacturing industries and agribusiness centres in rural areas
2) By strengthening 'self-help groups' and providing skill development
3) By supplying seeds, fertilizers, diesel pump-sets and micro-irrigation equipment free of cost to farmers
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

The Multi-dimensional Poverty Index developed by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative with UNDP support covers which of the following?
1) Deprivation of education, health, assets and services at household level
2) Purchasing power parity at national level
3) Extent of budget deficit and GDP growth rate at national level

Which of the statement given above is/are correct?

Which of the following is /are among the noticeable features of the recommendations of the Thirteenth Finance Commission?
1) A design for the Goods and Services Tax, and a compensation package linked to adherence to the proposed design
2) A design for the creation of lakhs of jobs in the next ten years in consonance with India's demographic dividend
3) Devolution of a specified share of central taxes to local bodies as grants
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

What is/are the recent policy initiative(s) of Government of India to promote the growth of manufacturing sector?
1) Setting up of National Investment and Manufacturing Zones
2) Providing the benefit of 'single window clearance'
3) Establishing the Technology Acquisition and Development Fund
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Consider the following specific stages of demographic transition associated with economic development:
1) Low birthrate with low death rate
2) High birthrate with high death rate
3) High birthrate with low death rate
Select the correct order of the above stages using the codes given below:

In India, in the overall Index of Industrial Production, the Indices of Eight Core Industries have a combined weight of 37.90%. Which of the following are among those Eight Core Industries?
1) Cement
2) Fertilizers
3) Natural gas
4) Refinery products
5) Textiles
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

Consider the following crops of India:
1) Cowpea
2) Green gram
3) Pigeon pea
Which of the above is/are used as pulse, fodder and green manure?

Consider the following crops of India:
1) Groundnut
2) Sesamum
3) Pearl millet
Which of the above is/are predominantly rain fed crop/crops?

The endeavour of 'Janani Suraksha Yojana' Programme is
1) to promote institutional deliveries
2) to provide monetary assistance to the mother to meet the cost of delivery
3) to provide for wage loss due to pregnancy and confinement
Which of the statements given above is /are correct?

How do District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs) help in the reduction of rural poverty in India?
1) DRDAs act as Panchayati Raj Institutions in certain specified backward regions of the country.
2) DRDAs undertake area-specific scientific study of the causes of poverty and malnutrition and prepare detailed remedial measures.
3) DRDAs secure inter-sectoral and inter-departmental coordination and cooperation for effective implementation of anti-poverty programmes.
4) DRDAs watch over and ensure effective utilization of the funds intended for anti-poverty programmes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) acts as a bankers' bank. This would imply which of the following?
1) Banks retain their deposits with the RBI.
2) The RBI lends funds to the commercial banks in times of need.
3) The RBI advises the commercial banks on monetary matters.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Under which of the following circumstances may 'capital gains' arise?
1) When there is an increase in the sales of a product
2) When there is a natural increase in the value of the property owned
3) When you purchase a painting and there is a growth in its value due to increase in its popularity
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Which of the following measures would result in an increase in the money supply in the economy?
1) Purchase of government securities from the public by the Central Bank
2) Deposit of currency in commercial banks by the public
3) Borrowing by the government from the Central Bank
4) Sale of government securities to the public by the Central Bank
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

Which of the following would include Foreign Direct Investment in India?
1) Subsidiaries of companies in India
2) Majority foreign equity holding in Indian companies
3) Companies exclusively financed by foreign companies
4) Portfolio investment
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Consider the following statements:
The price of any currency in international market is decided by the
1) World Bank
2) demand for goods/services provided by the country concerned
3) stability of the government of the concerned country
4) economic potential of the country in question
Which of the statements given above are correct?

Despite having large reserves of coal, why does India import millions of tonnes of coal?
1) It is the policy of India to save its own coal reserves for future, and import it from other countries for the present use.
2) Most of the power plants in India are coal-based and they are not able to get sufficient supplies of coal from within the country.
3) Steel companies need large quantity of coking coal which has to be imported.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Recently, there has been a concern over the short supply of a group of elements called 'rare earth metals'. Why?
1) China, which is the largest producer of these elements, has imposed some restrictions on their export.
2) Other than China, Australia, Canada and Chile, these elements are not found in any country.
3) Rare earth metals are essential for the manufacture of various kinds of electronic items and there is a growing demand for these elements.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?