India enacted The Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 in order to comply with the obligations to

The correct answer is D) WTO. India passed the GI Act in 1999 to meet its obligations under the TRIPS Agreement (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights), which came into force with the WTO in 1995. TRIPS Articles 22 to 24 require members to protect geographical indications, and the Act came into force in 2003.

• ILO deals with labour standards and decent work. It has no role in intellectual property.
• IMF handles monetary cooperation, exchange rate stability and balance of payments support. GI protection is outside its mandate.
• UNCTAD is a UN body that discusses trade and development policy. It does not impose binding IP obligations, so it could not be the source of this legislation.

The core concept is that GIs are a form of intellectual property tied to place-based reputation, such as Darjeeling tea or Banarasi sarees. This links to the Mains theme of IPR and trade regimes, including the Basmati and neem disputes and the role of the Geographical Indications Registry under the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks.

Trap: Aspirants often pick UNCTAD or IMF because they sound like trade or economic bodies. Ask which body creates binding IP rules, and the answer is the WTO through TRIPS.