UPSC Mains Management Optional PYQs, 2016-2026

Do you think that the traditional roles of managers are still relevant in today's digital and remote work environment? Critically comment with examples.

What kind of organisational readiness, from the human resource management perspective, is required for a successful implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Human Resource (HR) functions? Identify the possible ethical challenges that Artificial Intelligence (AI) implementation may bring. How can organisations balance process efficiency along with ethical considerations?

Why do you think cultural diversity is important in organisations? What strategies can be adopted by a global consulting firm to manage cultural diversity effectively? Explain.

An organisation is in the process of implementing a new initiative which is required to meet the emerging global challenges, but the employees are resisting the change. Suggest some suitable strategies that management should adopt to implement the change successfully.

"Ethical management is essential for long-term organisational success." Critically evaluate the statement with examples.

How do core management processes influence each stage of the value chain? How can misalignment between them reduce overall organizational effectiveness? Illustrate your answer by giving suitable examples.

20 marks

What are the relevant competencies required for effective performance by an expatriate manager in an international assignment? If there is more than one candidate who is technically competent, what behavioural parameters would you consider to identify the right candidate for an expatriate assignment? Discuss.

What are the key impacts of automation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) on recruitment and selection processes? "Along with several advantages of automation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recruitment and selection processes, there are some complexities as well." Discuss.

Analyze how a Multinational Corporation can design its global management structures to support continuous innovation in both developed and emerging markets.

What leadership styles, according to you, are more effective in an innovation-driven organisation? (ii) "Leaders often switch between different leadership styles." Do you agree? Discuss.

8 marks

What is the relationship between Organisational Culture and the successful implementation of a Performance Management System? Discuss with suitable examples.

20 marks

Do modern management approaches represent a true evolution or just a modification of classical theories? Justify your answer with examples.

How has the growing service sector, especially the Information Technology (IT) sector, impacted trade unions in India? Discuss in the light of the challenges that trade unions are facing today.

20 marks

A company in the Information Technology (IT) sector is moving from a traditional structure to become a virtual organisation. What design changes are required in the new organisational structure and why? Support your answer with examples.

Analyse the impact of adopting historical cost and fair value methods on the reliability and relevance of financial information, especially during periods of market fluctuations and economic uncertainty.

Examine the causes, consequences and management of corporate distress. Evaluate restructuring strategies for organisational recovery and sustainability.

Discuss the role of Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics in strengthening managerial decision-making, improving performance evaluation and enhancing strategic control in management accounting.

A local bakery brand offers high-quality products at competitive prices, yet experiences low customer retention. What could be the possible reasons for low customer retention? Suggest suitable solutions to improve customer retention.

Using a company operating in the Retail sector, analyze the differences and similarities between Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) and Holistic Marketing. Through examples, explain how CRM strategies work together with a Holistic Marketing approach to enhance the customer experience and contribute to the long-term success of business.

A company operates under the following conditions: Selling Price = =60 Variable Cost = = 50 Fixed Cost et =,00,000 Capacity = 20,000 units Expected Sales = 8,000 units Shut-down Cost = = 20,000 Assess whether the company should continue its operations or shut down, based on a careful evaluation of its financial and operational position. Suggest suitable justification for your decision.

Discuss the regulatory framework governing capital markets and evaluate its role in promoting transparency, protecting investors and improving market efficiency.

A sports shoe company is losing its market share to its competitors. Analyze possible reasons and suggest suitable strategies to regain its position in the market.

20 marks

A company is facing declining profits, rising costs, excess inventory and cash flow problems. Explain how costing, budgeting and control techniques can be used to identify these issues and develop effective solutions. (b) (enterprise) Waal (production facilities) uftduftat (fixed assets) (capital outlay)

(relevant cash flows), (terminal recoveries)

(cost of capital)

(justification) capital requirements) (terminal cash inflows)

A manufacturing enterprise is evaluating a long-term investment proposal aimed at modernizing its production facilities. The project entails a substantial capital outlay on fixed assets, along with an additional investment in working capital to sustain operational activities throughout the project period. The management intends to assess the proposal using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, taking into account all relevant cash flows, including terminal recoveries. The project details are as follows: Initial investment in fixed assets: €8,00,000 Additional working capital requirement: €,00,000 (fully recoverable at the end of the project) Project life: 4 years Scrap value of assets at the end of Year 4: 50,000 Annual cash inflows: €8,00,000 Cost of Capital: 0% (i) Calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of the project by appropriately considering the initial investment, working capital commitment, annual cash inflows and terminal cash recoveries. 409 (ii) Based on the computed NPV, evaluate the financial feasibility of the project and justify your recommendation. 4 (iii) Discuss the significance of incorporating working capital requirements and terminal cash inflows in capital budgeting decisions and explain how their omission may affect project appraisal outcomes.

What are the components of a Marketing Plan? A company working in the social sector is launching a digital product for adult learners. Explain how each component of a marketing plan will help in a successful launch.

(Scrap value of normal loss)

(Units transferred to the next process)

(Normal loss), (9) (Abnormal loss)

A manufacturing concern processes its product through Process-I during May 2026. The company seeks to evaluate production efficiency and cost allocation by applying process costing principles under the weighted average method. The following operational and cost data are available for the period: Units introduced into Process-I: 0,000 units Cost incurred: Raw Materials: =,00,000 Direct Labour: = 60,000 Production Overheads = 40,000 Normal Loss: 0% of input Scrap value of normal loss: =5 per unit Units transferred to the next process: 8,800 units Closing work-in-progress; 900 units Degree of completion of Closing work-in-progress: Materials: 00% Labour i 60% Overheads: 60% Assume that all materials are introduced at the beginning of the process. U You are required to do the following: (i) Compute the cost per equivalent unit for materials, labour and overheads using the weighted average method. 6 (ii) Prepare the Process-I Account for May 2026, clearly showing the allocation of costs. 6 (iii) Determine the valuation of (a) Normal loss, (b) Abnormal loss or Abnormal gain and (c) Closing work-in-progress. 3 (b) (forces of globalization), (technological

Critically discuss the challenges and opportunities emerging from the financial sector reforms, with particular reference to the forces of globalization, technological innovation and the evolving regulatory landscape.

20 marks

Evaluate the challenges and limitations of applying Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning (STP) strategies in a digital and highly dynamic market environment.

Marketing Communication) (inconsistencies)

Explain the concept of "One message, One voice" in Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC). How can inconsistencies in Integrated Marketing Communication impact brand perception? Suggest suitable measures a company should take to ensure a unified (integrated) message across all channels.

8 marks

Answer each of the following questions in about 150 words

Explain parametric test and non-parametric test. What are the applications of chi-square (x?) test? Give one example.

10 marks

X and Y throw three dice. If X throws 15, then find the chance of Y's throwing a higher number.

10 marks

Define the strategic goals of supply chain management. What is the impact of each element of supply chain management on these goals? Discuss.

10 marks

TASTE Discuss the importance of value analysis in a manufacturing company. Explain the steps involved in this process.

10 marks

SLATE Explain the salient features of information system. Describe its various types with suitable examples.

10 marks

ABC computer company is engaged in repairs and service of computers. It is trying to forecast the demand for next 2 months, based on the accumulated demand data as given below. The company wants to follow exponential smoothing forecasts using smoothing constant equal to 0:30 and 0:50: Demand for Repair = = [ome = The forecast for period one may be taken as 40. The present your result in a table.

The forecast for period one may be taken as 40. The present your result in a table.

20 marks

Explain the steps required for formulating a linear programming model.

Find out the solution for a store from the following data: Maximize Z = 50x, +60x, subject to 4x, +4-5xq <$50 2, Xq 20 Profit is in ©. Draw graph to arrive at result. (Graph paper is enclosed)

Profit is in ©. Draw graph to arrive at result. (Graph paper is enclosed)

15 marks

Describe System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Critically evaluate its applicability in large-scale Government IT Projects with suitable examples.

What is the meaning of positive and negative correlation? Explain with suitable example.

Define regression. What are coefficients of regression and what are their properties? Give examples.

15 marks

A manufacturing firm has received an offer for a particular component according to the following discount pricing schedule provided by the supplier: 1-199 & 66 per unit 200-599 & 60 per unit 600+ 55 per unit The firm uses 800 components annually. The annual carrying cost is ¥ 15 per unit. The ordering cost is © 300 per order. Determine the amount the firm should order.

15 marks

What do you mean by managing data resource? Outline the advantages of a Database Management Approach to manage the Data Resource of Business compared with a File Processing Approach.

20 marks

A clock manufacturing company is planning an assembly line to produce 95 clocks per 8-hour shift. The following table gives the work elements, times and immediate predecessors: Work Elements Time (in seconds) Immediate Predecessors 5?

What is the desired cycle time (in seconds)? (ti) What is the theoretical minimum number of stations? (tii) Show your solution on a precedence diagram. (iv) What are the efficiency and balance delay of the solution found?

15 marks

What do you mean by Information System Planning? Describe the objectives and steps involved in Information System Planning.

15 marks

The following table shows, for each activity of a big project, the normal and crash times as also the normal and crash costs. The contract includes a penalty clause of € 200 per day in excess of 20 days. The overhead cost is 400 per day: Time (in day) Cost (in ©) Activity

Draw a project network and determine critical path. (i) Find the cost of completing the project in normal time. (iti) Crash the project activities and determine the cost of completing the project in minimum time. (iv) What is the optimal duration of the project and what is the cost involved?

Answer each of the following questions in about 150 words

Give a fair overview of regulatory framework of corporate governance in India.

10 marks

What do you mean by vision in terms of business? Explain the benefits of vision for a business organisation.

10 marks

Describe the role and characteristics of objectives with suitable examples.

What do you understand by Country Risk Analysis? Explain the various types of Country Risk.

10 marks

A Aaa at wad #7 Explain the significance of attaining global competitiveness. In what ways can technological innovations help in bringing global competitiveness?

10 marks

Small-scale industries are facing tough challenges in India. Elaborate the factors responsible for this.

Explain various consumers' rights given under the Consumer Protection Act. Discuss the role of voluntary organisations in protecting consumers' rights.

20 marks

What do you mean by management of strategic change? Why does it happen?

Define growth strategy. Discuss the types of growth strategy.

Distinguish between Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment. Explain the impact of each of these on the economy.

15 marks

Explain the concept of SWOT analysis. Discuss, in detail with suitable examples, the external and internal business environmental factors which affect is analysis.

What is the rationale of government control over prices and distribution? How are prices and distribution of various commodities regulated in India?

15 marks

Explain the following: (i) Aas fro writfrat aart aaa sara wad ara We Issues that need to be kept in mind while framing global marketing strategies

Internationalisation of service firms and its challenges

What are the key objectives of the latest Foreign Trade Policy of the Government of India? Explain the major schemes and initiatives taken under this policy. What would be the likely impact of this policy on Indian economy?

Describe the characteristics of strategy implementation. Also, discuss the major barriers to strategy implementation.

15 marks

Give a short description of historical perspective of Indian Planning System. Explain in detail the functioning of NITI Aayog in Indian Planning.

15 marks

Evaluate the potentials for entrepreneurial education and training to democratize access to entrepreneurial opportunities. Can anyone learn to be an entrepreneur or are certain inherent qualities essential to become a successful entrepreneur?

Discuss the relation between perception and problem solving. How does an individual's perception of a problem affect how they approach a solution?

Illustrate how the application of core job design principles directly links to enhanced employee satisfaction and organizational efficiency.

What innovative Human Resource Management (HRM) approaches could be adopted in future to foster supportive and inclusive environment prioritizing employee well-being?

Broadbanding is increasingly being adopted to manage employee compensation. Illustrate with examples the benefits of broadbanding in compensation management.

In what ways can ethical behaviour in management contribute to a company's social responsibility efforts? How can ethical decision-making improve a company's social responsibility outcomes?

How do advanced technologies like Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning support Knowledge-Based Enterprises?

20 marks

What are the challenges an organization faces in integrating human resource information system with other business systems, e.g. CRM, ERP, Payroll, etc.? Suggest probable solutions to overcome these challenges.

As a Global Innovation Manager, you have been given a task of leading the new product development which will be launched across multiple international markets. (i) Explain how you will manage the innovation process while considering cultural, economic and regulatory differences across regions. 409 (ii) What strategies will you follow to foster innovation and collaboration across diverse global teams?

Enumerate the principles of learning and reinforcement. How can these principles be utilized by the management to enhance employee effectiveness?

Explain the diverse roles of the stakeholders that contribute to the framework of industrial relations within an organization. How do the interests and roles of these stakeholders conflict with each other?

You have been recently appointed as the Operations Manager of a mid-sized manufacturing company. Discuss how you would manage both direct and indirect activities in the value chain to improve efficiency and add value to the final product. Enumerate your answer with suitable examples.

20 marks

How do leadership theories help in developing successful leaders?

As a Performance Management Auditor, what criteria would you use to evaluate the effectiveness of a Performance Appraisal System? Do you think that appraisals enhance employee effectiveness? Explain.

How does management accounting information adapt its focus and detail across different management levels and time frames to support various decisions?

Explain the paradoxical nature of liquidity as both a safeguard and a potential drag on corporate performance by examining the delicate equilibrium between security and opportunity cost in cash management decisions.

Elucidate the functional objectives of cost accounting records and delineate their key distinctions from financial accounting records. Give illustrative examples of significant cost accounting documentation and their respective applications.

State the complexities of Industrial Buying Behaviour. Explain how unique characteristics of Industrial Buying Behaviour affect marketing strategies in B2B contexts.

Discuss the importance of ethics in marketing and its role in consumer protection. Explain how unethical marketing practices can harm the consumer and damage the company's reputation. Give real life examples to support your answer.

A startup company is experiencing rapid growth in sales. However, its net income remains low. Explain the possible causes of this situation and discuss the strategies that management should employ to improve profitability.

How does globalization influence corporate financial policy and strategy? Discuss the challenges and opportunities that multinational corporations face in managing their finances across different countries and currencies.

A technology startup is preparing to launch a new smart fitness wearable. Outline a market research plan to help the company understand customer needs and test the market potential.

20 marks

Elaborate the distinctions between job costing and process costing methodologies. Give relevant examples of industries where each approach is typically applied. Furthermore, illustrate scenarios where a hybrid costing system proves advantageous.

ABC Technologies, a company producing high-tech components, is considering a significant expansion of its production capacity. This expansion will involve substantial fixed costs in new machinery and equipment, and they are also considering increasing their debt financing. The following information is available: Current Situation: Fixed Operating Costs — €20,00,000-00 Variable Operating Costs per unit — ~€50-00 Selling Price per unit - ~€50-00 Current Production and Sales — 50,000 units Current Interest Expense - =0,00,000-00 Expansion Plan: Increased Fixed Operating Costs — ~%€35,00,000-00 Increased Interest Expense - =€8,00,000-00 Expected increase in Production and Sales - 20,000 units (i) Calculate the current and projected Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL), Degree of Financial Leverage (DFL) and Degree of Combined Leverage (DCL). (ii) Analyse the impact of the expansion plan of ABC Technologies on operating and financial risk. Discuss the trade-offs involved. (iii) Evaluate the sensitivity of the company's Earnings Per Share (EPS) to change in sales volume, considering both the current and projected leverage levels. (iv) Discuss the factors that ABC Technologies should consider when determining the optimal level of financial and operating leverage, especially in the context of high-tech industry's volatility. (v) Given that ABC Technologies is considering alternative financing options, such as issuing equity instead of increasing debt, explain how this decision would impact the company's financial leverage and overall risk profile.

20 marks

Discuss how globalization has transformed marketing management practices. 7 (ii) Explain the role of digital technologies (including social media, big data and e-commerce) in reshaping marketing strategies. Give examples of companies and sectors where these changes are most evident.

8 marks

Company X experienced a significant increase in its Current Ratio from:5::0 to 2-5::0. However, its Quick Ratio 0-8: -0 remains unchanged. What could be the reasons for this divergence and what potential implication might this have for the company's financial health? 7 (ii) A company's Debt-to-Equity Ratio decreased significantly year-over-year, while its Return on Equity (ROE) also decreased. What could be a plausible explanation for this scenario? 7 (iii) A company's 'Reserves and Surplus' increased substantially during the year, but its 'Cash and Cash Equivalents' remained relatively flat. What could explain this situation based solely on Balance Sheet information?

What is Money Market? Elaborate its key functions in the financial system. Include specific examples of widely used money market instruments and the institutions that deal in them.

A local non-profit healthcare clinic wants to increase awareness and community engagement. Outline a basic marketing strategy using the 7Ps of service marketing tailored for non-profit organizations.

A train is scheduled to arrive at a station at a random time between 09:00 AM and 09:30 AM. The actual arrival time is equally likely to be any moment within this interval. (i) Define a suitable probability density function (PDF). (ii) What is the probability that the train will arrive before 09:13 AM? (iii) Find the expected arrival time and the variance of the arrival time. (iv) Given that the train has not arrived by 09:11 AM, what is the expected arrival time?

10 marks

Determine the required sample size for estimating the true weight cereal container from a population of N = 5000. Based on the past records variance of weight is 121 grams and this estimate should be within 2-5 grams of the true average weight with 99% confidence. Will there be a change in the size of the sample if we assume population to be infinite? If so, explain by how much? (Table enclosed) 10 AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION The entries in this table are the probabilities that a standard normal variate is between 0 and Z (the shaded area)

A manufacturing facility specializing in Sheet Metal Production has implemented a Statistical Quality Control Program to monitor and improve process performance. As a part of this initiative, an Engineer has recorded the number of visible surface defects identified on 20 sequential metal sheets, each representing one production unit. The data collected during this inspection phase are given below: heet Defect Using the above information: (i) Determine the Center line (CL), Upper control limit (UCL) and Lower control limit (LCL). (ii) Plot the appropriate Control Chart and interpret the result.

Defect Using the above information: (i) Determine the Center line (CL), Upper control limit (UCL) and Lower control

Plot the appropriate Control Chart and interpret the result.

10 marks

A Tech Solutions is a mid-sized IT consulting company specializing in automated HR and payroll systems for small business. The company has successfully digitized most of its operations, relying heavily on its internal computer systems for payroll processing and report generations. However, despite its automation efforts, the 'computer system has experienced periodic failures. Over the past 20 months, the computer system has broken down as indicated in the table below: Number of Number of months that Breakdowns Breakdown occurred a Pk pe 5 Each breakdown results in an average loss of due to time delay and technical service expenses. As a preventive measure, company is considering a monthly service contract for preventive maintenance. If they sign up for the contract, the average number of breakdowns is expected to decrease to per month, and the contract would cost ¥3300/- per month. Based on the given information, advise that the company should go for contract for preventive maintenance or not?

Each breakdown results in an average loss of ¥4500/- due to time delay and technical service expenses. As a preventive measure, company is considering a monthly service contract for preventive maintenance. If they sign up for the contract, the average number of breakdowns is expected to decrease to 1 per month, and the contract would cost ¥3300/- per month. Based on the given information, advise that the company should go for contract for preventive maintenance or not?

10 marks

Critically analyse the advantages of E Governance for Government, Public and Business giving suitable examples.

10 marks

The electrical power demand of TATA Power Corporation from 2018 to 2024, measured in megawatts, is provided below. Using the data, forecast the demand for the year 2025 by fitting and plotting the linear trend line. Electrical Power Demand (Megawatts)

In a study to evaluate the effectiveness of two different animal feeds, researchers recorded the weight gains (in kilograms) of animals after fed each type of feed. [Feed A 45 48 47 50 46 49 47 a8 (i) If the two samples are considered independent, can we conclude that Feed B is more effective than Feed A at the 0-025 level of significance? (ii) Also examine the case if the same set of eight animals received both feeds, and test at the 0-01 level of significance. (Table enclosed)

15 marks

The first column lists the number of degrees of freedom (v). The headings of the other columns give probabilities (P) for t to exceed the entry value. Use. symmetry for negative ¢ values.

Techline Pvt. Ltd. is a consumer electrics manufacturing concern producing three models of Smart Devices: X, Y and Z. The company operates under the constraints of two key resources, viz. raw materials and labor hours. Each week, the availability of raw materials is restricted to 800kg, while labor availability is limited to 600 hours. To maximize profit, the company needs to decide, how many units of each product to manufacture weekly without exceeding the available resources. The relevant details for each product are provided below: Product Raw Material Labor Hours Profit contribution per unit (Kg) per unit (Hours) per unit (%)

Formulate this scenario as a Linear Programming Problem (LPP), and solve it for optimal product mix. (ii) Based on the optimal solution, analyze the situation if the company wants to introduce a New product W, requiring 2 kg of raw materials and 2 hours of labor hours per unit. Its estimated profit contribution is =35/- per unit. Should the company include this new product in its production mix?

20 marks

A company has an annual demand of 1600 units for an item, whose unit cost is ~70/-. The annual holding cost comprises 18% for interest charges, 1% for insurance, 1-5% allowances for obsolescence of unit cost and ~2-50 for building overheads, 3-40 for damage loss, and €7-0 miscellaneous costs. Placing each order costs the company %100/-. (i) Calculate Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and the total costs of stocking the units. (ii) If the supplier of the items will only deliver batches of 250 units, how is the total variable cost influenced? (iii) If the supplier relaxes their order size requirements, as the company has limited storage space it can stock a maximum of 100 units at any time. What would be the optimal ordering policy and associated costs?

Consider the following aggregate planning problem for four months: So eee The forecasted demand for the next four months is 300, 400, I 225 and 475 units respectively. Shortages are not permitted. The initial inventory is 50 units, and the carrying cost is per unit per month. Provide the aggregate plan for this problem.

The forecasted demand for the next four months is 1300, 1400, 1225 and 1475 units respectively. Shortages are not permitted. The initial inventory is 50 units, and the carrying cost is €1-60 per unit per month. Provide the aggregate plan for this problem.

15 marks

The warehouse owner of Quick Industries is considering a new computer system for accounting and inventory control. A computer vendor sent the following information about the system installation: Activity Activity Immediate Time (Days) Identification description Predecessor} Most Most Most optimistic likely pessimistic Selection of Input/output A System Design Monitoring Computer system Testing and (i) Draw the network diagram for this information. Identify the Critical Path and expected project completion time. (ii) Calculate the probability that the project will be completed in 61 days. (iii) When the company wants to be 95% sure that the system will be installed by a certain date, how many days prior to that should it start the work?

"Expert Systems play a significant role in Organisations." Discuss it giving at least four benefits of Expert Systems.

10 marks

Elaborate the different components of Expert Systems giving suitable examples.

10 marks

"Information Resource Management is a strategic plan of an organisation." Elaborate.

10 marks

What are the important components that must be considered for imple- mentation of Information Resource Management.

5 marks

Explain the fundamental role of Information Systems in business and organisations.

State at least eight evaluation factors for an excellent information system.

10 marks

"Have various Chambers of Commerce and other Industry Associations played their desired role effectively?" Critically examine.

10 marks

What is meant by 'Strategic intent'? Give brief explanation of each of these concepts: (i) Stretch (ii) Leverage (iii)

10 marks

Define Turnaround strategies. Discuss conditions for turnaround strategies. Also discuss types of turnaround actions.

Critically evaluate India's foreign trade since independence and identify constraints in India's Exports Growth.

Elucidate the conceptual framework of e-business. Identify the significant changes it has brought to business processes.

"Small-Scale Industries play a vital role in the growth of economic activities of a country." Explain giving examples.

10 marks

How can Government initiatives expedite the growth and success of small-scale industries? Discuss.

5 marks

"Government should not enter into business activities." Do you agree? Explain with examples.

10 marks

"Privatisation of Industries has not achieved its objectives." Give your critical comments.

10 marks

"Consumer Protection Act 2019 (CPA) has changed the business scenario in India." Do you agree? Describe at least eight features of CPA giving suitable examples.

Define Strategic Alliances. Discuss the reasons for strategic alliances. Also discuss types of strategic alliances with suitable examples.

15 marks

Define Mergers and Acquisitions. Discuss the types of mergers and acquisitions. Also discuss the important issues in mergers and acquisitions with suitable examples.

15 marks

What do you understand by BCG Matrix? Describe the four Quadrants of it and also discuss its Strategic Implications and Limitations with suitable examples.

Explain Joint Venture with suitable examples. Discuss the Life Cycle of a Joint Venture.

15 marks

What is Foreign Direct Investment? Describe with suitable examples the different factors that influence Foreign Direct Investment.

15 marks

Elucidate the concept of Foreign Exchange Risks and Exposure. Discuss the techniques included in Managing Foreign Exchange Risks with suitable examples.

Elucidate the three categories of roles which a manager has to perform as suggested by Henry Mintzberg.

10 marks

What are the main sources of resistance to organisational change? Select any two sources and outline the ways of overcoming such resistance. Comment upon the effectiveness of role negotiation as an OD intervention.

How do practices like job rotation and job enrichment aid in the raising of employee motivation? Why do organisations find it more difficult to enhance intrinsic motivation than extrinsic motivation for their employees?

10 marks

How are selection criteria identified for a given job validated? How do organisations apply predictive validity and concurrent validity measures?

In the emerging scenario of IT enabled work environment, highly dynamic external business environment and changing workforce expectations, what are the future challenges for human resource management? Specify and suggest ways of managing these challenges.

10 marks

Discuss the various types of "Control Mechanisms" a manager can apply in order to take his organization to desired excellence. Suggest ways to overcome resistance to control.

20 marks

"Not only is stress inevitable in modern work life, it is also necessary for human progress in organisations". Critically examine this statement. Distinguish between the levels of functional work stress in terms of their effect on employee behaviour and performance.

5 marks

How do the requisites for successful international human resource management differ from those in case of a domestic organisation? How should the challenge of managing multicultural teams be managed in international organisations?

Discuss the key determinants of organisational structure and design. Among the emerging organisational design trends, comment upon the virtual organisation design and learning organisation design formats, briefly explaining the influence of organisational design choices on employee involvement.

20 marks

"Henri Fayol's contributions to the field of management are very distinctive and are highly appreciated". Analyze the statement and explain the 14 principles of Fayol.

Training need assessment is one of the most important aspects of planning the training and development system for any organisation. What are the approaches that can be applied for training need assessment in case of a government organisation that is undergoing digital transformation? Describe the instructional strategies that you would recommend once the training needs have been assessed.

5 marks

How do variables like organisational culture and choice of performance criteria affect the design and functioning of a performance management system? What are the types of performance information you would require to effectively carry out performance management for your shop floor workers and your production manager? Critically comment on why the information requirement differs for the two situations.

20 marks

In the present day organisations, which bases of power, coercive or persuasive, have proved to be more effective and why? Support your answer by taking suitable examples. Comment critically upon the desirability of multiplying power in organisations through empowerment.

5 marks

What are the factors of cross-cultural classification a global business manager of a consumer durables company should consider for managing in global environment and being successful to achieve desired profits?

How can Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis be used to assess the effect of changes in sales volume, sales price and costs on profitability.

What is the significance of the full disclosure principle in GAAP? How does it impact financial statement presentation?

Distinguish between 'Total Cash Flow' and 'Incremental Cash Flow.' What are the limitations of Incremental Cash Flow? Also explain the treatment of sunk cost and allocated overheads in cash flows.

"Holistic Marketing is a very successful strategy in contemporary marketing". Evaluate the statement. Discuss the different dimensions of Holistic Marketing.

10 marks

As the GM-Marketing of an FMCG company you have to make a 'Marketing Plan' for a new marketing territory. What shall be the various components of marketing plan which you will make for your company in respect of this new territory?

A proforma cost sheet of a company provides the following data: The following is the additional information available: Average raw material in stock: one month Credit allowed to debtors: two months Time lag in payment of wages: one and a half weeks Overheads: one month One fourth of the sales are on cash basis. Cash Balance is expected to be ¥,20,000. You are required to prepare a statement showing the working capital needed to finance a level of activity of 70,000 units of output. You may assume that production is carried on evenly, throughout the year and wages and overheads accrue similarly.

20 marks

What is standard costing? How is it used in management accounting? How can a company differentiate between controllable and uncontrollable variances and what strategic actions can be taken based on this distinction?

"Well differentiated products create a significant competitive advantage and a distinctive aura for themselves." Analyse the statement and discuss the various attributes on the basis of which products can be successfully differentiated.

Sunder Ltd. is planning an expansion programme which will require %30 crores and can be funded through one of the three following options: 1. Issue equity shares of %100 each at par 2. Raise a 15% loan, and 3. Issue 12% preference shares The present paid up capital is %60 crores and the annual EBIT is %12 crores. The tax rate may be taken at 30%. After the expansion plan is adopted, the EBIT is expected to be £15 crores. Calculate the EPS under all the three financing options indicating the alternative giving the highest return to the equity shareholders. Also determine the indifference point between the equity share capital and the debt financing (i.e. option 1 and option 2 above)

What is beta in the context of the CAPM? Explain how it measures systematic risk. Discuss the beta values and their implications for asset pricing.

What are the key criteria the marketing manager of a company dealing in light motor vehicle (LMV) category should consider for effectively segmenting a market? Discuss the variables under the demographic segmentation. Give examples to support your answer.

20 marks

How would you choose among leasing, leveraged buying and hire-purchase? 6 (ii) Under what conditions 'sale and lease back' is a preferable option?

"While managing Marketing Channels issues of Channel Conflicts often occur." In light of this statement, elucidate the types of Channel Conflict. Suggest the mechanisms to manage Channel Conflict.

WASTE Explain the necessary conditions for application of simplex method to be applied to linear programming problems.

10 marks

State the assumptions made for the study of ANOVA.

10 marks

Discuss in brief system development management life cycle in the context of Management Information System.

10 marks

Foe Hl Fee, Fee a URS! He Pica A face Fife) What is e-business? Discuss the dependance of e-business on Internet, Intranet and Extranet to implement and to manage innovative e-business application.

10 marks

Discuss in brief flexible manufacturing systems.

10 marks

A company gives on-the-job training to its salesmen, which is followed by a test. The company is considering whether there is any relationship of test scores and sales performance made by the ten salesmen during last one year, and also whether the company should terminate the services of any salesman who does not perform well in the test: rest Score 60 60 58 47] 50] 33 65 43 46 8 Sates (000)| 48 65 50 48 55 58 63 48 50 70Give your comment whether the company should terminate the services of any salesman who does not perform well in the test.

15 marks

A law graduate student randomly guesses at nine multiple-choice questions in All India Bar Examination. There are four possible answers for every question. However there is only one correct answer. Assuming that all questions are independent to each other, find the possibility that the student chooses six correct answers.

15 marks

For conducting Third Semester Practical Examination, the Chemistry department of a university affliated college requires 0, 2 and 7 units of three chemicals X, Y and Z respectively. The chemicals are available in two boxes—box A and box B. Box A contains 3, 2 and l unit of X, Yand 2 respectively and costs ¥ 300. Box Bcontains l, 2 and 2 units of X, Yand 2 respectively and costs ¥ 200. Find how many boxes of each type should be purchased by the department so that the total cost is minimal by formulating the problem in linear programming problem and solve it through graphical method.

Find how many boxes of each type should be purchased by the department so that the total cost is minimal by formulating the problem in linear programming problem and solve it through graphical method.

Comment on the sensitivity analysis.

20 marks

Discuss briefly capacity planning. Explain various kinds of capacity planning.

15 marks

Discuss in brief various phases of quality management.

The time taken by two machines on various jobs in a factory is tabulated in the table below: Job Processing Time (in hours)

Calculate the loading sequence for the given jobs and machines to make the line balancing properly.

20 marks

Discuss in brief the new information technology trends that will change the way of industry workings.

15 marks

Discuss briefly the advantages and disadvantages of ERP system.

15 marks

Discuss briefly DSS and RDMS, and make their comparisons.

20 marks

"SMEs are backbone of any country's industrial development." Critically analyze the statement in the Indian context giving suitable examples.

10 marks

"Increasing cyber frauds in India are a major cause of concern." Explain. Analyze the shortcomings of cyber laws in India.

10 marks

Identify the sectors of environment that are currently more important in the Indian context. What sectors are likely to become more important in coming years? Explain.

10 marks

What are the signals which point out that a turnaround is needed? Elaborate any four turnaround actions giving suitable examples.

10 marks

Critically evaluate the trends in India's foreign trade during last ten years.

10 marks

"Removing regional imbalance of industrial development should be top priority of Indian planners." Elaborate this statement mentioning various initiatives taken by the Central and State Governments.

20 marks

An organization involved in automobile manufacturing wishes to exercise strategic choice at business level. How can the concept of experience curve help in it? Give suitable example.

15 marks

Critically analyze the economic rationale behind Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Do you think India has a robust policy for attracting FDI? Elaborate.

15 marks

"Global e-business is being applied by business firms to achieve greater profits." Explain this statement giving various areas of application in firms.

10 marks

"In changing political scenario, country risk analysis becomes utmost important." Elaborate the statement giving suitable examples.

10 marks

"Competitive advantage of a company positions it well in the industry." Examine this statement. Select a company which is a market leader in India in a particular industry and identify the sources of competitive advantage.

15 marks

"It is essential to have meaningful interaction between government and various industry and commerce associations for balanced policy making." Do you agree? Explain giving suitable example.

15 marks

"Strategic alliance helps in enhancing organizational capabilities." Explain giving examples. List any three reasons for using strategic alliance.

20 marks

"Voluntary organizations play an important role in protecting consumer rights under the Consumer Protection Act (CPA)." In the light of this statement, discuss the process of involvement of NGOs giving suitable examples.

Elaborate different levels of economic integration giving costs and benefits. Discuss the role of ASEAN and SAARC in successfully promoting integration between member countries.

TABLE. Cumulative Standardized Normal Distribution A(z) is the integral of the standardized normal distribution from — °° to z (in other words, the area under the curve to the left of z). It gives the probability of a normal random variable A(z) not being more than z standard deviations above its mean. Values of z of particular importance

"Span of management plays important role in deciding organization structure." Explain.

10 marks

"Dependency is increased when the resource you control is important, scarce and non-substitutable." Comment on the above statement in the light of the fact that the most important aspect of power is that it is a function of dependency.

Comment on the above statement in the light of the fact that the most important aspect of power is that it is a function of dependency.

10 marks

Enumerate the different conditions needed for conflict to arise. How does the channel chosen for communication have an influence on stimulating conflict?

10 marks

"Workers' education is the latent energy in economic development." Explain the concept of workers' education and highlight its aims and objectives.

10 marks

What are the major collective bargaining issues in Indian industries? What do you foresee as a major issue of the future?

10 marks

How do mission, vision and values help in developing good plan for an organization? Explain planning premises.

20 marks

Outline the organizational structure of a virtual organization. How does it differ from a boundaryless organization? Which type of industries is best suited to a virtual organizational setup? Explain with examples.

15 marks

Differentiate between career, career planning, career development and career management. Who are the major stakeholders in career development?

15 marks

"A person can have thousands of attitudes but organizational behaviour focuses its attention on a very limited number of job-related attitudes." Explain the different job-related attitudes. How do they differ from other non-job-related attitudes?

20 marks

"Does delegation of authority mean loss of power or enhancement of power?" Critically explain.

15 marks

How does an organization determine the effectiveness of its recruitment process? To avoid the high cost involved in the recruitment process, what alternatives are used by organizations? Explain.

15 marks

Highlight the key differences between human resource information system, human resource analytics and enterprise resource planning, and give their suitable applications. Illustrate and explain a typical human resource information system framework.

20 marks

How does a learning organization model integrate the strategies in the domains of individual, team and organizational learning? What are the desired behavioural changes for a learning organization as described by Senge?

15 marks

"Economic development of India will depend on the inventions carried out by entrepreneurs." Explain.

15 marks

Discuss on the objectives and categories of decisions of the finance function in an organization.

10 marks

Elaborate on the objective of 'Accounting Standards' and discuss on its significance in the emergence of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as Global Standards.

10 marks

Comment on the salient features of the EASE Next Reforms.

10 marks

"Marketing is everywhere. Good marketing is not a coincidence but a result of well thought strategy." Elaborate giving suitable example.

10 marks

"Customer-centric companies are building customer relationships and not just products or services." Explain giving importance of customer satisfaction. Give examples also.

10 marks

Given below is the data of two firms in the same industry: Net Profit 25,000 10,000 Sales Revenue 1,25,000 60,000 Total Assets 75,000 30,000 Equity 25,000 20,000 (i) Compute the Return on Equity (RoE) based on DuPont analysis. Which company would investors prefer? 15 (ii) What are the limitations of DuPont analysis?

10 marks

What are the factors that need to be kept in mind while designing the capital structure of a firm?

10 marks

"Marketing channel decisions lead to developing value network." Explain the importance of intermediaries giving suitable examples.

15 marks

A Ltd's EBIT is ¥ 10,00,000. The company has 12%, ¥ 30 lakhs debentures. The equity capitalization rate, i.e., K, is 20%. Compute the following: (i) Market value of equity and value of firm 12 (ii) Overall cost of capital

8 marks

What are some early signs of cash flow problems?

10 marks

"Price is the most important element of marketing mix." Discuss.

Elaborate the process to decide right time to change price of product. Do you think leadership pricing strategy is applicable in today's context? Give examples.

20 marks

During a month, 4500 units were introduced into process A. The normal loss was estimated at 8% on input. At the end of the month, 2600 units had been produced and transferred to next process, 400 units were incomplete and 500 units had been scrapped. It was estimated that uncompleted units had reached a stage in production as follows: Material—80% completed Labour—60% completed Overheads—50% completed The cost of 4500 units introduced was 0,500. Direct materials introduced during the process amounted to ₹ 2,400. Production overheads incurred were % 3,490. Direct labour was 5,460. Units scrapped realized ® 3 each. The units scrapped have passed through the process, so were 00% completed as regards material, labour and overheads. () Prepare a statement of equivalent production. 7 (ii) Evaluate the cost of abnormal loss, finished goods and closing stock. 0 (ui) Prepare the process A account and abnormal loss account.

Overheads—50% completed The cost of 4500 units introduced was ¥ 10,500. Direct materials introduced during the process amounted to ¥ 2,400. Production overheads incurred were % 3,490. Direct labour was? 5,460. Units scrapped realized ® 3 each. The units scrapped have passed through the process, so were 100% completed as regards material, labour and overheads. () Prepare a statement of equivalent production. 7 (ii) Evaluate the cost of abnormal loss, finished goods and closing stock. 10 (ti) Prepare the process A account and abnormal loss account.

8 marks

What are the major objectives of portfolio management? List the major ratios used to evaluate a portfolio.

10 marks

"Marketing of non-profit organizations is a great challenge." Elaborate. What are the various dimensions of non-profit marketing? Explain.

15 marks

State the chief characteristics of Index Numbers.

10 marks

What do you mean by Information Resource Management? State its features.

10 marks

State the attributes of world class manufacturing which are aimed to fulfil the customer demands.

10 marks

State the characteristics of Chi-Square Test. 10 (ec) Wah HEP A Wee fact SIREN He SH AAMT FAST State the symptoms when the value analysis is to be initiated in a company.

10 marks

The following table gives the production in three shifts and the corresponding number of defective goods that turned out in three weeks. Test at 5% level of significance whether weeks and shifts are independent. 15 Table

CRITICAL VALUES OF CHI-SQUARE (x?)

A random sample of 10 bags of urea are found to have the following

Test at 5% level of significance whether the average packing weight can be taken as 50 kg.

15 marks

A firm produces three products A, B and C which pass through three departments: Milling, Lathe and Grinder. Each unit of Product A requires 8, 4 and 2 hours respectively in the three departments. Each unit of Product B requires 2, 3 and 0 hours respectively in the three departments. Each unit of Product C requires 3, 0 and 1 hours respectively in the three departments.; The available capacity on the machines which might limit output is given below. Table: Capacity of the Machines for Production Machine Type Available time (in machine hours per week) The unit profit would be: = 20, = 6 and = 8 for products A, B and C respectively. (i) Formulate the problem in LPP. (ii) How much of each product should the firm produce in order to maximize profit?

20 marks

State the different forms of waste management.

15 marks

State the various factors affecting plant location.

15 marks

An automobile company has additional capacity that can be used to manufacture brakes that the company is presently buying for = 500 each. If the company makes the brakes, it will incur materials cost of ~ 100 per unit, labour cost of = 130 per unit and variable overhead cost of = 30 per unit. The annual fixed cost associated with the unused capacity is = 2,50,000. Demand over the next year is estimated to be 5000 units of brakes. (i) Would it be profitable for the company to manufacture the brakes? (ii) Suppose the capacity could be used by another department for production of some agricultural equipment that would cover its fixed and variable cost and contribute = 1,00,000 to profit. Which would be more advantageous, brakes production or agricultural equipment production?

20 marks

Define e-Governance. (ii) State the advantages of e-Governance. (iii) State the e-Governance initiatives.

15 marks

State the main characteristics of DSS. (iii) State the components of DSS.

15 marks

Discuss the various types of Information Systems. (iii) Define Expert System. State its common characteristics.

20 marks

Examine the impact of privatisation of PSUs on the economic: development of India.

10 marks

"A country can truly progress, if there is balanced regional development." Comment on the statement and examine the present Government of India's policies in this regard.

10 marks

Critically analyse the impact of technological advancements such as Artificial Intelligence and Block-Chain on International Business Operations and Supply Chain Management. How can companies leverage these technologies to gain a competitive advantage?

10 marks

Analyse the role of international financial institutions (IMF and World Bank) in facilitating global business operations. Assess their effectiveness in promoting economic development.

10 marks

"Without a strategy, execution is aimless. Without execution, strategy is useless." Comment on the statement and discuss the ways to overcome the pitfalls in strategy implementation.

10 marks

"The role of Board of Directors is to govern and not to manage." Comment on the statement and bring out the elements of Corporate Governance by citing examples. 5 (ii) How does the Public Distribution System (PDS) contribute to guaranteeing food security and eradicating poverty? Also, discuss the goals of PDS.

10 marks

Critically examine the liability clauses of the Consumer Protection Act. Discuss the legal framework for holding producers and sellers liable for faulty goods and the remedies available to consumers. 10 (ii) Analyse the New Industrial Policy clauses that support — environmental preservation and sustainable growth. Discuss the programmes launched to encourage a business to adopt environment friendly practices.

5 marks

Examine the legal aspects of cyber security. Discuss the legal obligations of organisations in implementing cyber security measures. 209 (ii) Examine the present policies of the Government of India for promoting Small-Scale Industries in the light of upcoming competition from large, domestic and multinational companies.

10 marks

How do companies scan the environment and analyse the same to reset the objectives and formulate strategies? Explain. 5 (ii) Under what considerations might it be preferable to enter into a new market or a new industry through Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) route over starting a new venture of its own for the purpose?

10 marks

"Core competencies lead to sustainable competitive advantage." Comment and give suitable examples. 5 (ii) "Value-Chain Analysis helps in creating competitive advantage." Do you agree? Justify and discuss the importance of analysing linkages in value-chain.

10 marks

Discuss the manner in which the following concepts aid the understanding of Strategic Management. Give suitable examples. 10 (A) Strategic Intent (B) Concept of Stretch (C) Concept of Leverage (D) Concept of Fit (ii) "Low cost leadership may result in price war situations." Comment and discuss with suitable examples as to how a company should opt for a particular generic strategy.

10 marks

"Regional Economic Cooperation can play an important role in India's unfavourable Balance of Trade." Comment. 5 (ii) Examine the role of dispute settlement mechanisms in FTAs. How do these mechanisms resolve conflicts and enforce trade agreements? What are the possible challenges and possible improvements in the existing dispute settlement frameworks?

10 marks

How is Global business strategy different from International, Multinational and Transnational? Elaborate with suitable examples. 5 (ii) Examine the ethical challenges faced by multinational corporations in operating in countries with different legal and ethical standards. Discuss the importance of ethical leadership and corporate governance in international business.

10 marks

Examine the effectiveness of different Chambers of Commerce and Industry in India. 10 (ii) Discuss the best practices for managing cross-border mergers and acquisitions. What are the lessons learned from successful and unsuccessful cross-border mergers and acquisitions?

10 marks

Identify key differences between a manager and a leader. Justify your answer with suitable examples.

10 marks

What are various approaches to management? Explain characteristics and limitations of any 4 approaches to management analysis with suitable examples.

10 marks

Differentiate between classical conditioning and operant conditioning. How is social learning theory an extension of operant conditioning?

10 marks

"Change or Die!" is the rallying cry among today's managers. Enumerate and explain three approaches to managing organizational change.

10 marks

Explain the kinds of signals that warn a manager about an employee requiring training. What types of training are critical for employees going on an overseas assignment?

10 marks

Differentiate between 'Entrepreneur' and 'Intrapreneur' with suitable examples. Identify key traits of a successful entrepreneur.

15 marks

"People's behaviour is based on their perception of what reality is, not on the reality itself." Comment on the statement, highlighting the importance of perception in the study of Organisational Behaviour. What are the factors that influence perception?

Explain the rationale behind companies providing benefits to their employees. What effect do companies expect, benefits will have on employee morale and productivity?

Recent international events such as the pandemic Covid-19 and the Russian-Ukraine war significantly impacted global business environment. Briefly evaluate its impact on Indian business operations. Identify attributes and skill-sets required by a manager to operate under the prevailing global business environment.

20 marks

What are the central tenets and main limitations of behavioural theories of leader- ship? How can leaders have a positive impact on their organizations through building trust and mentoring?

15 marks

What is Job analysis? Identify the advantages and disadvantages of: (i) Observation Method (ii) Structured Questionnaire Method and (iii) Diary Method

15 marks

Explain the management concepts of Frederick W. Taylor and Henri Fayol. Identify key differences between the two and their applicability.

15 marks

Researchers argue that challenge stressors operate quite differently from hindrance stressors. Give your views. What are the potential environmental, organizational and personal sources of stress at work?

15 marks

What are the five traditional career stages? Which of the five stages is probably least relevant to Human Resource Management? Explain your view.

20 marks

Highlight various limitations of financial statements. How can these be minimized or resolved?

10 marks

Highlight the major differences between Capital Market and Money Market.

10 marks

What is a Futures Contract? Why do exchanges require future contracts to be marked to the market?

10 marks

Explicate the concept of Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) and its applicability in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) with suitable examples. How do IT applications impact customer retention?

10 marks

Explain the concept of transfer pricing with suitable examples and related regulatory framework in Indian context.

10 marks

Explain the circumstances under which different methods of depreciation can be employed by giving suitable examples.

20 marks

A 100 par value bond bearing a coupon rate of 8% will mature after 5 years. Interest is payable quarterly. What is the value of the bond, if the discount rate is 12%? (Chart given for reference)

15 marks

Explain the concept of Marketing Communication Mix. Identify the factors Influ- encing Communication Mix for marketing India's finest quality Coffee produced by Chikmagalur based Coffee Plantation Cooperative.

15 marks

Why is Budgetary control required in a business concern? What are its limitations?

What is modified internal rate of return (MIRR)? What are the pros and cons of MIRR vis-a-vis IRR & NPV?

Explain the concept of Product Life Cycle (PLC) and its applicability for the following: (1) Mobile phone

Suggest marketing strategies in different phases of PLC for the above products.

The data below relates to ABC Ltd. which makes and sells laptops.

Production (units)

Selling Price per unit (2)

Variable production cost per unit (%)

Fixed production overhead incurred (®)

Fixed production overhead cost per unit, being the predetermined overhead absorption rate (%)

Selling, Distribution and Administration cost (all fixed)

You are required to present comparative profit statements for each month using: (i) Absorption costing (ii) Marginal costing

20 marks

What are the primary causes of corporate distress? Highlight the appropriate restructuring strategies that can be adopted to deal with different causes of corporate distress.

15 marks

Identify key areas where Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has transformed prevailing marketing practices in the past 5 years. Justify your answer with suitable examples.

15 marks

A newly constructed house can collapse due to fault in its design. It can also collapse even if it does not have a design fault. The probability that the design of the newly constructed house is faulty is 0-1. The probability that this house collapses if the design is faulty is 0-95, whereas, the probability that the house collapses without any fault in design is 0-45. It is seen that the house has collapsed. What is the probability that it is due to fault in design?

10 marks

Define 'knowledge-based expert system'. Briefly discuss its major applications in business.

10 marks

"The difference between management of manufacturing (goods) and service operations is reducing." Discuss this statement in the light of the fundamental differences existing between goods and service operations.

10 marks

Eleven police personnel were given a test in shooting. Further they were given a month's training and a second test of equal difficulty was conducted at the end of it. The table below contains the marks awarded in the two tests. Do these marks give evidence that the police personnel benefitted from the training?

Outline the objectives of 'Material Requirements Planning (MRP)' and explain how an MRP system can achieve these objectives.

10 marks

The area sales manager of a company has compiled the following data for the eight territories under his/her supervision. All the territories have similar size and consumer characteristics. The sales manager believes that the number of selling agents assigned to a territory has an impact on its sales revenue: Sales territory Sales Number of selling agents

Find the Pearson's correlation coefficient between the two variables mentioned above. Is the sales manager correct in his/her belief? (ii) Develop a linear regression model and using it, predict the sales in a territory if 16 selling agents are assigned to it.

15 marks

A city administration conducted a study of the waiting time in the emergency wings of three hospitals. These hospitals are located in three zones of the city far away from each other. The administration is interested in reducing the waiting time at the emergency wings. To study this, a random sample of 10 emergency wing cases at each hospital was selected on a particular day and the waiting time was measured. The results are recorded in the following table. At 0°05 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the average waiting times in the three hospitals?

(Relevant table is attached at the end of this Paper)

15 marks

Agrofarms Ltd. is a company engaged in large-scale cultivation of organic vegetables, grains and cereals. In 200 acres of land, Agrofarms Ltd. grows only tomatoes and onions. For the upcoming season, it estimates that it can make a profit of 7,000 per acre of tomatoes and ® 2,000 per acre of onions. During this growing season, each acre of tomatoes will require 4 tons of fertilizers and 3 tons of pesticides, whereas each acre of onions will require 2 tons of fertilizers and l ton of pesticides. Agrofarms Ltd. has contracted for at most 600 tons of fertilizers and 330 tons of pesticides. (i) How many acres of land should be devoted to each crop to maximise its profit for the season? Is there any land that remains unfarmed? 0 (ii) What is the minimum profit per acre of onions that would make it economically feasible for Agrofarms Ltd. to grow onions? 6 (iii) If the profit per acre of onions were % 2,500, how many acres of land should Agrofarms Ltd. plant of each crop to maximize the profit for the season?

List the strategic objectives of aggregate planning. 5 (ii) Describe the chase and level strategies for aggregate planning. Which one of these should be preferred? 5 (i) How does aggregate planning in service differ from aggregate planning in manufacturing?

5 marks

What is 'time and motion study'? 4 (ii) Define the terms 'work study' and 'method study'. 5 (iti) Describe the steps involved in work study and method study.

Mention the characteristics of control charts. 4 (ii) What is P-chart? 4 (iii) The following are the inspection results of 0 lots, each lot having 300 pieces. The number of defective pieces in each lot is 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 35, 40, 30, 20 and SO: Date No. of pieces No. of defective (in Novem.ber) inspected pieces found (a) (b). "7 a 2 Calculate the average fraction defective and three sigma limits for P-chart, and state whether the process is in control.

Calculate the average fraction defective and three sigma limits for P-chart, and state whether the process is in control.

12 marks

What exactly is an information system? How does it work? What are its management, organization and technological components?

15 marks

Define and discuss the unique features of e-commerce, digital markets and digital goods.

15 marks

How do information systems help businesses use synergies, core competencies and network-based strategies to achieve competitive advantage?

20 marks

Is State participation in business essential? Discuss the objectives of liberalization, privatization and globalization.

10 marks

Take the case of Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL). Assume that HUL emphasizes on sustainability in its products and operations at global level. Are you in agreement that the company is successful because it could effectively embed sustainability into its products and operations? Give your arguments for or against the issue.

10 marks

Critically examine the various initiatives taken by the Government of India in respect of export-import policy. Give examples from India's trade with the Asian countries.

10 marks

Do you think free entry and exit of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) is healthy for the growth of Indian economy? Discuss the business strategies of MNCs in this context.

10 marks

Using a small case study, discuss the contents of a good and workable strategic plan for management and operational control of public sector enterprises in India.

10 marks

Critically examine government's policy with regard to Small-Scale Industries (SSIs). Highlight the role of Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) and National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) for promotion of growth of SSIs and for overcoming their financial, managerial and operational sickness.

15 marks

"Many objectives of public enterprises are not clear and are conflicting." Discuss the statement and point out whether public enterprises have achieved the objectives laid down by the government.

15 marks

Elaborate the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Corporate Governance. Discuss how the government regulations have influenced CSR actions of large companies. 10 (ti) What are the major economic impacts of cybercrime? Are the Indian cyber-laws adequate to effectively deal with cyber-security threats? Discuss.

10 marks

"Strategies are formulated and operated at different levels of management." Discuss this statement. Explain with examples how strategies operating at different levels are integrated.

15 marks

Greer (ears) wrifa Briefly discuss the meaning and utility of the following

Discuss the Porter's five forces of competition in an industry of your choice. Also, identify the important strategic groups in that industry and highlight the effects of such groups on the strategies of the market leader.

20 marks

Discuss the importance of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for developing economies like India. Should these countries go all out for attracting more FDI? 8 (ii) Discuss the role of authorities created by the Government of India for streamlining the FDI movement in India.

Discuss the role of authorities created by the Government of India for streamlining the FDI movement in India.

Outline how the culture of a country might influence the cost of doing business in that country. Illustrate with examples. 7 (ii) What is ethnocentrism? How does it influence the management of multi- national companies?

8 marks

If you were a manager in a company that operates in many countries, what criteria would you use to determine whether a technological innovation should be developed as a product for global consumers or local consumers? 7 (ii) COVID-19 pandemic has impacted global logistics and supply chains. Explain how an efficient logistic function can help an international business compete more effectively in the post-pandemic global marketplace. 7 (iii) What are the various options a firm has to minimize its global tax liability?

Globalization' seems to be at 'cross-roads' as increasingly large number of countries embrace 'neo-nationalism' based on the doctrine of 'self-reliance'. Briefly explaining the concept of globalization, critically evaluate the impact of growing 'neo-nationalism' on Indian firms and suggest strategic measures for effective management.

10 marks

What is personality? How do the big five personality traits predict work behaviour?

10 marks

What is strategic human resource management? Explain how HR practices get aligned with corporate strategies.

Why do organizations differ in their structure and design? What is the difference between a mechanistic structure and an organic structure?

10 marks

What are the variable pay-for-performance plans? What are the criteria for the success of these plans?

10 marks

Compare the process and effectiveness of: (i) Interacting (ii) Brainstorming (iii) Nominal (iv) Electronic meeting, as group decision making techniques.

20 marks

Enumerate the nine most identified power tactics. Discuss their relative effectiveness.

5 marks

Describe the major considerations in forecasting manpower requirements. What are the supply sources of the forecasted manpower?

5 marks

Briefly explain the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) with industry illustrations. Critically evaluate major initiatives developed by multilateral agencies to measure CSR activities.

20 marks

"If money does not make you happy, you are not spending it right." Give your views on the statement in context of money being a tool for motivation.

5 marks

Briefly explain the distinguishing features between domestic and International Human Resource Management (IHRM). Critically evaluate pros and cons of employing Host Country Nationals (HCNs), Parent Country Nationals (PCNs) and Third Country Nationals (TCNs).

5 marks

List the various types of conceptual blocks that come in the way of thinking creatively. What is the process of innovation that firms should follow?

5 marks

Explain the concept of culture. Evaluate Hofstede's cross-cultural classifications and its implications in managing under culturally diverse situations.

20 marks

Explain Dunlop's system approach model of industrial relations. How did Bomers extend this model for international industrial relations?

Elucidate the basic process of marketing communication. What makes international marketing communication process much more complex compared to domestic one? Justify your answer with suitable examples.

Critically evaluate the pros and cons of the various methods adopted to determine the cost of inventories.

What is a swap? What are the common types of swaps? How are these investments induced?

"If sales forecast is subject to error, then there is no purpose of budgeting." Do you agree? How can a flexible budget be used to control costs?

Explain the concept of market segmentation. Prepare a comprehensive market research plan to identify and target markets for newly developed herbal preparations to alleviate post-COVID 9 adverse effects in international markets.

What is Variance Analysis? What are the possible reasons for different Cost Variances?

5 marks

Explain in brief the (i) Conventional; (ii) The First Chicago; and (iii) The Revenue Multiplier Valuation approaches for financial analysis of Venture Capital Investments.

"Cost determines price is a myth". Do you agree with the statement? Justify your answer with suitable examples. 0 (ii) Explaining the various types of pricing strategies, suggest a suitable pricing strategy for a newly developed luxury cosmetic targeted at premium customer segment.

10 marks

During the current financial year, XYZ Ltd. generated a profit of on a sale of %,05,00,000/-. The variable expenses were *55,00,000/-. Compute the following:, (i) Fixed expenses of the company. (ii) Break-even sales for the current financial year. (iii) Break-even sales if variable costs increase by 20%. (iv) Break-even sales required to maintain the profit as at present, if the selling price has to be reduced by 0%.

20 marks

How would you analyse the financial position of a company from the point of view of (i) An Investor; (ii) A Creditor; (iii) An Employee of the firm; and (iv) A Supplier of the firm?

20 marks

Critically evaluate the impact of online marketing on traditional marketing channel. In view of the fierce competition by online retailers in emerging post-pandemic situation, evolve a strategy for traditional retailers for survival and growth.

How is the income summary of the last accounting period connected with the balance sheet of the future accounting periods? Explain, preferably using the balance sheet and income summary equations.

5 marks

Highlight the major factors that need to be considered for a proper assessment of the quantum of working capital required by a firm.

15 marks

Marketers often adopt means and ways, both fair and unfair, to establish their supremacy in the marketplace. Identify key unethical practices adopted by the marketers and evaluate the existing policy frameworks for its efficacy. Also suggest suitable policy measures to curb such practices effectively.

20 marks

The mean annual income of workers in a company is 5,000 with a standard deviation of =,200. It is suspected that local workers have higher than the average income. A sample of 44 local workers is drawn and their sample mean income is found to be ₹ 5,500. Can it be said that local workers have significantly higher income than the total population?

What Supply Chain Management (SCM) strategies were adopted by leading e-commerce companies such as Amazon and Flipkart during the lockdown period caused by the Corona Pandemic?

How can information system bring competitive advantage to business organisations by supporting managerial decision-making?

An engineering firm has determined that for a particular part, the cost of purchase is = 350 per order and = 22 per part. Its inventory carrying cost is 5% of the average inventory. The firm currently purchases = 2,20,000 worth of this part every year. (i) Determine the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). 5 (ii) What is the optimum number of days supply per optimum order?

What is Fisher's ideal index? Why is it called ideal? Describe the steps involved in the computation of Fisher's ideal index number. 34245 AREAS UNDER THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION The entries in this table are the probabilities that a standard normal variate is between 0 and Z (the shaded area)

'A' can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots, 'B' 3 times in 4 shots and 'C' twice in 3 shots. Calculate the probability: (A) 'A', 'B', 'C' all may hit the target. 2 (B) 'B' and 'C' may hit the target, but 'A' may not hit it. 2 (C) 'C' and 'A' may hit the target, but 'B' may not hit it. 2 (ii) A decision problem has been expressed in the following payoff table: Which alternative will be selected if the following criterion is used? (A) Maximax criterion 3 (B) Maximin criterion 3 (C) Hurwicz's criterion 3 (Assume degree of optimism is 0-7)

"Decision Support System (DSS) and Management Information System (MIS) are very helpful for managers in taking decisions." Comment and support your answer. 5 (ii) How can DSS be differentiated from MIS? 5 (iii) What are the components of DSS? 5 (iv) What are the similarities and dissimilarities between data-driven and document-driven DSS?

5 marks

A firm is considering replacement of an equipment, whose first cost is ₹ 4,000 and the scrap value is negligible at the end of any year. Based on experience, it was found that the maintenance cost is zero during the first year and it is =,000 for the second year. It increases by = 300 every year thereafter. (A) When should the equipment be replaced if the interest rate is 0% (zero percent)? & (B) When should the equipment be replaced if the interest rate is 2%? 5 (ii) "Inventory Control is a rational process in which decision-making is often done irrationally." Explain.

What is e-business architecture? Which technological innovations have had a major impact on it? & (ii) Describe the four pillars of e-governance and the various types of interactions performed in e-governance. 5 (iii) Discuss the Indian Government's efforts and actions towards implementing e-governance.

5 marks

Solve the following Linear Programming Problem by Graphical Method: 409 Minimize cost: subject to: X, + 52 = 000 x, < 300 52 = 50 X4,X_q20 (ii) A certain drug is claimed to be effective in curing cold. In an experiment on 500 persons suffering from cold, half of them were given the drug and the other half were given the sugar pills. Patients' reactions to the treatment are recorded in the following table: Treatment Helped Harmed No Effect On the basis of the above data, can it be concluded that there is a significant difference in the effect of drug and sugar pills? 29 CRITICAL VALUES OF CHI-SQUARE (x?) f(x?) Ve Vn».

Apply the concept of "Decay Curve of New Product Ideas" to an innovative product like 'e-Bike'. 5 (i) A manufacturing company always uses a sample size of 0. Data for the past 0 samples are as follows: Number of Total Units Defective Units Sampled The system is believed to be operating under normal conditions. (A) Construct a control chart with control limits such that measurements for 95% of the units under normal conditions would fall within the control limits. 5 (B) Suppose the number of units defective in the next 5 samples are; 3, 4, 2, 0 and 7. Demonstrate graphically whether the process is under control or not.

How does the balancing line reduce the cost of idleness? Describe the steps involved in solving a line balancing problem. 5 (ii) W.E. Deming said, "85% of poor quality can be attributed to management". Discuss this statement in the context of World Class Manufacturing Systems. 5 (iii) What role is played by Green belts, Black belts and Master Black belts for managing 'Six-Sigma' quality in a Software Development Company? 5 (iv) Fora project, the following information is given: tivit Expected Activity shina Completion Time Bo 8 |. 6 |. 9 (A) Draw the network diagram. 3 (B) Find the critical path.

Twelve salesmen are ranked for efficiency and their length of service. Find the rank correlation coefficient.

Why is ERP important to a company? 4 Gi) Explain the economic aspects of ERP implementation and the hidden cost therein. 5 (i) Discuss in detail any three ERP implementation strategies.

"The Government of India has been making efforts to remove the regional imbalances in development by providing incentives for setting up industries in rural areas." Elucidate.

Describe the different levels of regional economic integration. 5 (ii) What are the pros and cons of 'BREXIT'?

5 marks

"A vision is too abstract to be of any practical value." Do you agree with the statement? Justify your answer with a suitable example. Explain how objectives form hierarchy.

Elucidate the factors that influence country competitiveness. 5 (ii) Explain the factors that a company should evaluate to assess 'ease of doing business in India'.

5 marks

How does BCG Matrix help in portfolio planning? What are the advantages and limitations of such a portfolio analysis?

What is the rationale behind liberalization strategies adopted by the New Industrial Policy? 6 (i) "The term 'globalisation' assumes increasing importance in today's techno-economic parlance." Explain this statement in the context of the Indian economy. 7 Gi) Discuss the various initiatives undertaken by the Indian Chamber of Commerce (ICC) to promote both national and international trade.

Describe the four cultural predispositions that MNCs are likely to adopt towards managing employees in global context. 5 (ii) How does Hofstede's model on cultural dimensions equip international managers with an understanding of cultures across countries?

Identify the linkages between primary and secondary activities of Porter's value-chain model. § Gi) How is value-chain analysis conducted? Explain with the help of an example. 5 Gii) "Strategy follows structure, structure supports strategy." Critically analyse this statement.

5 marks

"Generic strategies help a firm to gain and sustain competitive advantage over its rivals." Elaborate this statement by giving suitable examples for each type of generic strategy. 8 (ii) Explain the growth strategies of expansion, integration and diversification by citing suitable examples. Under which conditions are these strategies most suitable for adoption?

A number of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) are managed and controlled by the government. Justify the State participation in business by citing suitable examples from these PSUs. Do you think that the government's decision to monetize some of these PSUs is justified? Give reasons to support your answer.

Explain the various financing techniques employed in foreign trade. 5 (ii) What are the main features of the following documents? 79 (A) Letter of Credit (B) Bill of Lading (C) Commercial Invoice (D) Consular Invoice (E) Insurance Certificate

What are the similarities and dissimilarities between domestic operations management and_international operations management? 6 (i) Explain the various strategic issues involved in international operations management. 29 (iii) Describe the various issues involved in global organizational design.

5 marks

Why are mergers and acquisitions (M&As) gaining popularity among Indian corporates? 5 (ii) it possible to take over a target company in a hostile manner? Justify your answer. 6 (iii) Despite comprehensive strategic planning, many M&As do not yield the desired results. Discuss the possible reasons for the same, citing suitable examples.

5 marks

"The past decades have witnessed a number of scandals and shareholder disputes, all of which indicate lacunae, if not lapses, in governance." In the light of this statement, discuss the role of Indian corporate governance framework in responding to these challenges. 8 (ii) "While the Public Distribution System (PDS) forms a cornerstone of government food and nutrition policy, India continues to be home to a large population of hungry and malnourished people." Critically analyze this statement by focussing on the functioning and efficiency of the PDS in achieving food and nutritional security in India.

How does the Delphi technique of decision making work? Does it have relevance in contemporary organizational design?

Are being legal and being ethical same? Employees look at their employers in terms of distributive, procedural and interactional justice. How does violation of these affect industrial/human relations?

What are the differences between goals and objectives? How is management by objectives better? Discuss the improvements it brings about.

Adam Smith has stated that public interest is served best when, individual and business pursue self-interest. Milton Friedman in the same line has said that the sole purpose of business is to make profit. Explain and critically evaluate the implications of these ideas.

How has Freud classified and explained id, ego and super-ego? How do they shape our personality?

There is an old saying that "individuals do not live by bread alone". Explain its meaning in the context of employee motivation. Compare and contrast the motivation approaches that are likely to be more effective in industries employing knowledge workers and manual workers.

20 marks

"Human resources management is a part of every Manager's job including that of Production Manager or President because 'getting things done and producing results is the name of the game'." Critically analyze the above statement. Why do big corporations require separate human resources department?

5 marks

Enumerate and explain the different kinds of attitude measuring scales. What advantages does the Likert's scale have over Thurstone's or Guttman's scale to measure attitude?

5 marks

"Pre-classical theorists emphasized more on developing specific techniques to solve some identified problems. However both scientific and administrative schools of thoughts given by classical theorists were more all pervasive in their approach to organizational design." Substantiate this statement highlighting pre-classical and classical theorists and their approaches.

20 marks

What are the causes of formation of informal groups in an organization? Compare formal organization with informal organization. How could informal organization be detrimental to the working of formal organization?

5 marks

What are the important types of interviews? Often interviews are affected by errors that creep in the process and undermine their usefulness. What are these errors and how can these be minimized? 5 What 3

What is the relationship between Government of India's initiative of 'Startup India' and entrepreneurship? Who is an entrepreneur and what kind of innovations does he or she create to create an enterprise?

20 marks

Discuss the important trends in business. How are these trends shaping human resources management? Why is conventional human resources view being replaced by strategic HRM?

5 marks

"Conflict is a naturally occurring phenomenon with both positive and negative effects depending on its management." In the light of this statement, explain the different conflict management techniques.

5 marks

What are the common misconceptions surrounding cost of capital in practice? How would you dispel them?

Distinguish between leasing and hire purchase.

10 marks

What is zero-based budgeting and how does it differ from traditional budgeting?

"Products differ in the way consumers buy them." Elucidate. Explain the different categories of products and relate them with the type of distribution approach that is most appropriate for their availability.

Customer satisfaction is necessary but not sufficient to survive and thrive in present-day markets. Is it true? Explain the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty by focusing on its marketing implications.

Briefly explain the concept of conservatism by giving suitable examples.

The selected financial data for X, Y and Z companies for the year ended March 3] are as follows: so 5000 ini te Re tc bea (i) Prepare income statements for X, Y and Z companies. (i) Comment on the financial position and structure of these companies.

20 marks

Explain different types of market or competitive structures. Under which type of market structure, a firm has greater control over its pricing decisions? How does a firm gain control over its pricing decisions?

The financial books of a company show a net profit of 2,00,324 for the year ending 31st March, 2020. The cost accounts show a net profit of ¥ 2,04,868 for the same corresponding period. The following information was revealed as a result of scrutiny of the figures of both the sets of books:? fi) Factory overhead under-recovered, in Cost A/c 3,689 (ii) Administration overhead over-recovered in Cost A/c 2,857 (iii) Depreciation charged in Financial A/c 24,320 (iv) Depreciation recovered in Cost A/c 28,560 (v) Interest received but not included in Cost A/c 6,048 (vi) Income tax debited in Financial A/c 7,608 (vii) Bank interest credited in Financial A/c 3,520 (viii) Stores adjustment credited in Financial A/c 5,008 fix) Rent charged in Financial A/c 3,30 (x} Dividend paid recorded in Financial A/c,805 (xi) Loss of obsolescence charged in Financial A/c 9,807 Prepare a statement reconciling the profit as per costing records with the profit as per financial records.

20 marks

What are Option Greeks and what is their significance?

5 marks

What are the key stages that a product passes through its life cycle? Is managing a product during maturity stage difficult? Why? What strategies are to be recommended at this stage?

5 marks

What purpose do the Baumol model, Miller-Orr model and Orgler's model serve? Briefly describe the similarities and differences between these models.

20 marks

"Financial sector reforms in India were introduced as a part of the liberalization policy of nineties and subsequent reforms were a move in the right direction but inadequate." Explain. Identify the weaknesses in the present financial system. How can these be overcome?

5 marks

What are the key differences between consumer and industrial (business) { markets? Explain the different types of buying situations in industrial markets. 5 2iBS—222..

A regulatory body of the government has observed that a particular accounting error tends to be associated with an attempt to misstate financial position. Approximately 85% companies attempting to misstate their earnings will commit this accounting error. For a company not trying to misstate its earnings, the likelihood of making this error is' approximately 5%. It has been estimated that the percentage of ' companies attempting to misstate earnings at any given time is only 5%. Suppose that in an audit of ABC company, the accounting error is; discovered. What is the probability that it is not an inadvertent mistake (ie. ABC company. has actually been attempting to misstate its earnings)?

10 marks

The mean selling price of new affordable homes in a metropolitan city is = 22,00,000. The population standard deviation is = 2,00,000. A random sample of 81 new affordable home sales from this city was selected. (i) What is the probability that the sample mean selling price was more than = 25,00,000? 5 (ii) What is the maximum selling price of 10% of affordable home sales in the city whose prices are the lowest? 5 TABLE Cumulative Standardized Normal Distribution alert

A(z) is the integral of the standardized normal distribution from — = to z (in other words, the area under the curve to the left of z). It gives the probability of a normal random variable not A(z) being more than z standard deviations above its —— mean. Values of z of particular importance

What is the main purpose of an expert system? What are its advantages and disadvantages? Explain its architecture.

10 marks

What have been the contributions of expert systems with respect to management of COVID-19 pandemic?

10 marks

A building project has the following time schedule

Draw a suitable network and calculate: (i) Critical path and its duration 4 (ii) Total float for each activity; 4 (iii) Ifthe duration of activity 7 — 8 is increased to 6 months, will the critical path change? If yes, what is the new critical path?

"Plant location is the most important strategic level decision-making." Explain. List down important factors to be considered for locating a new steel plant. § Gi) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of preventive and predictive maintenance. Give one example of suitability of each of these in industry. 5 (iii) Define scrap, surplus and obsolete items, giving one example of each. How can you maximise return from these in a — manufacturing unit? 5 (iv) "Value Engineering and Value Analysis play very important roles in cost minimisation." Elaborate.

5 marks

What is the difference between e-government and e-governance? Do you think, across the world, countries have achieved satisfaction in

A State Public Health Department has allocated = 40,00,000 for advertising information on Coronavirus pandemic. Two types of advertisements will be used: Radio and Newspaper. Each radio advertisement costs = 20,000 and reaches an estimated 3000 people. Each newspaper advertisement costs = 50,000 and reaches an estimated ] 7000 people. In planning the advertising campaign, the Public Health - Department would like to reach as many people as possible, but they have decided that at least 10 advertisements of each type must be used. Also, the number of radio advertisements must be at least as many as the number of newspaper advertisements. How many advertisements of each type should be used? How many people will this reach? Find the optimal solution that best satisfies all requirements.

15 marks

Entrepreneurs who want to start new businesses in a city can seek financial support from its City Investment Promotion Board (CIPB). The officers in CIPB evaluate applications for financial support and give their recommendations. This evaluation process takes some time. The time spent by the ten officers in CIPB and the number of applications they evaluated are given in the following table: Time spent Applications evaluated (in days) '

Based on the information, determine the least squared linear regression model. 10 (ii) What does the slope of the linear regression model represent? 5 (iii) Based on the above data, what is the approximate predicted number of applications for financial support that an officer can evaluate with 100 days of work?

5 marks

List down Variable and Attribute control charts used to monitor quality of a product. Explain the use of " X" and "p" charts. 5 (ii) Morton Confectioners buy plastic boxes in bulk and use them to pack biscuits. Annual requirement for the boxes is 1,350 and each box costs = 33. Ordering cost is estimated to be = 11 per order and carrying cost is 22% of the cost of the box. e How many boxes should be ordered at a time so as to minimise the expenses? (Take nearest whole number) 3 e Mention three assumptions that are associated with: the formula used. 2 e If the supplier sells the boxes only in lots of 25, should the company buy 50 or 75?

5 marks

When is a database known as a relational database model? What are tables and fields in a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)? What is a primary key? What is a unique key? What is a foreign key? What is a join? Explain each type of join.

15 marks

What is Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)? What are the differences between an ERP system and multiple software applications? What are the differences between Material Requirements Planning (MRP I) and Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II)?

20 marks

The pathology laboratory of a hospital has five pathologists. Samples arriving at the laboratory for a particular test are randomly assigned to one of them. An evaluation of the performance during the previous month gave the following counts shown in the table below: Number of tests done 850 1000 750. 900 1050 The director of the hospital wanted to know whether the proportion of errors in the pathological tests assigned to the five pathologists differ. State appropriate null and alternate hypotheses for the question above. Carry out the test of hypothesis at 5% level of significance and describe the result. 15 Table x2 (Chi-Squared) Distribution: Critical Values of x2

Degrees of 5% 1% 0:1% freedom

The table given below gives the cost per unit (in =) for transporting goods from each of three depots 1, 2 and 3 to markets A, B and C. It also depicts stock available at each depot and demand at each market. Market Market Market Depot1 23 21 27 14 Depot 2 26 25 12 Depot 3 20 21

Get initial feasible solution using North West Corner method. 4 Gi) Calculate initial cost. 2 (ii) Find out optimum cost and allocations from each depot to each market.

What do you understand by "Strategic Intent"? Explain the various elements in the hierarchy of Strategic Intent.

10 marks

What are the issues involved in Global Marketing Strategies? Explain the reasons of failure of Global Marketing Strategies.

10 marks

"Small scale industries have been adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic." Comment on the statement. Discuss the policy measures adopted by the Government of India to rejuvenate small and medium industries in India.

10 marks

Discuss the major issues involved in managing change at the time of strategy implementation.

10 marks

Describe how an efficient logistic function can help an international business compete more effectively in the global marketplace.

10 marks

Explain the importance of Environmental Scanning in the process of Strategic. Management. Discuss the factors that need to be considered for Environmental Scanning. Prepare a comprehensive ETOP for any organisation of your choice.

20 marks

Explain foreign exchange risk and foreign exchange exposure. Describe the various types of foreign exchange exposures. How can foreign exchange risks be managed?

15 marks

Discuss the ways in which State can participate in the economic life of a country. (ii) Explain the major Corporate Governance issues addressed in Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement between a company and Indian stock exchanges.

15 marks

Explain the objectives around which India's Foreign Trade Policy has been framed. Describe the strategies adopted to attain these objectives. Discuss briefly the various policy measures adopted for Trade Promotion.

20 marks

Describe Michael Porter's "Five Forces Model" of Industry Analysis. Explain the way in which these forces interact with each other to unravel the industry structure.

15 marks

Describe the machinery available for redressal of the grievances of the consumers under the latest Consumer Protection Act. Critically evaluate the functioning of this machinery.

15 marks

"Diversification involves a substantial change in business definition." Comment on the statement. Explain the type of diversification strategies adopted by the Indian corporates and the reasons thereof.

15 marks

Distinguish between Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment. Critically examine the existing policies adopted by the Government of India for attracting Foreign Direct Investment.

20 marks

Explain in detail the responsibilities of Business as well as Government with regard to environment protection. Critically evaluate the outcome of the steps taken by both of the parties in this regard.

15 marks

"There is only one thing permanent in this world, i.e., change." Comment on this statement. In your opinion, what is more important for a government organization—stability or change?

Most of the government officers fail to serve the purpose of overseas learning and development assignments. Suggest different interventions which can improve the return on investment on overseas training.

Whether all types of stress are bad? Justify your answer. 5 (ii) Discuss the role of Yoga and Meditation in managing stress.

5 marks

Apart from physical ability, language, intelligence and emotional stability, honesty and integrity are the two most sought after characteristics required in any candidate. Describe the techniques followed in Recruitment and Selection to check these two characteristics of honesty and integrity.

"In India, social responsibility is more in theory than in practice." Do you agree with this statement? Support your answer with suitable examples.

New generation Human Resource (HR) managers are well-versed with numbers and technology. Human Resource Information System (HRIS) is one example of it. Briefly discuss HRIS. What attributes will you consider while framing an HR dashboard metrics, which can give a realistic picture of Human Resources in an organization?

15 marks

In what respect is Henri Fayol's contribution to management different from that of Taylor's Scientific Management theory? Do the general management principles given by Fayol still hold good and are they relevant to the modern organizations? Justify your answer.

5 marks

What is a learning organization? Outline the prerequisites for a creative and innovative organizational culture. How does it help the organization to survive: in cut-throat competition?

How can the performance of a government employee be appraised? Discuss 360-degree performance appraisal method. How can the barriers in the appraisal process be removed?

With the advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), there has been a sea-change in all the functional areas of Management. In this context, discuss the future challenges of Human Resource Management (HRM) area in the next decade.

"Absolute decentralization is as hypothetical as absolute centralization." Discuss. Explain the factors which affect the degree of decentralization.

5 marks

"It is said that an organization devoid of power and politics is lifeless." Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer. How can power and politics in an organization be positively moulded for better performance?

5 marks

Distinguish among Classical, Neo-classical and Contingency approaches to Organizational Design. Which approach in your opinion is the best? Why? 0 [P.7.0.

"Informal organizations are detrimental to the interest of formal organizations." Comment on this statement. In what ways can managers make most effective use of informal organizations to their advantage?

What do you understand by employee morale? How can it be boosted? In this context, give example of a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU).

"Personality factors influence individual behaviour." Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer and also give suitable examples.

Do you think that there are universal principles of management that affect the success of all organizations and managers? Support your answer with suitable examples.

Examine as to how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has transformed the traditional marketing processes and buyers' purchase behaviour. Justify your answer with the help of suitable illustrations.

"Accounting ratios are mere mathematical relationships expressed between interconnected accounting figures and at times may be misleading." Elucidate the statement with suitable examples.

Explain briefly the costs and benefits associated with holding inventory. What are the considerations determining the maximum level and minimum level of inventory?

Distinguish between Job and Process costing. Also state the industries, where the above costing methods are used.

Distinguish between 'pull' and 'push' strategies. Explain the marketing situations with suitable illustrations that influence a marketer's decision to adopt 'pull' vs. 'push' strategy.

India is the largest producer of milk in the world accounting for over 2% share in global milk production. However, its share in the international market remains negligible. Prepare a comprehensive Market Research Plan to explore potential for India's dairy products in the international markets.

5 marks

Explain the Modigliani-Miller hypothesis of dividend irrelevance. Also critically examine the assumptions underlying the irrelevant hypothesis.

Mohan Ltd. has earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) of 5,00,000. The firm currently has an outstanding debt of? 20,00,000 at an average cost, Kg of 5 2%. Its cost of equity capital, K, is estimated to be 8%. (i) Determine the current value of the firm using the traditional approach. (ii) Determine the firm's overall capitalization rate, K,. (iii) The firm is considering to issue the capital of 0,00,000 in order to redeem ¥ 0,00,000 debt. The cost of debt is expected to be unaffected. However, the firm's cost of equity capital is to be reduced to 6% as a result of decrease in leverage. Would you recommend the proposed action? 20 [ P:T.0.

Creating differentiation even in commodities such as milk, water, edible oil, etc., lead to creation of strong brands. Explain alternate branding strategies employed to create such differentiation. 8 (ui) Differentiate between 'brand equity' and 'brand identity'.

What is Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)? What are its underlying; assumptions? How will you distinguish between Capital Market Line (CML) and Security Market Line (SML)?

Two competing retail vendors A and Bare located adjacent to each other. Both occupied buildings of the same size, paid the same rent, i.e.,?,250 and charged similar prices for their products. Vendor A employed three times as many employees as B and has twice as much income as B. Other data are as follows: oS £4,500 You are required to answer the following questions: (i) Explain why vendor A is twice as profitable as vendor B. (ii) By how much vendor B's sales have to be increased in order to justify the doubling of the number of employees at the same rate of pay, if B's desired operating income is ¥ 350?

5 marks

Is depreciation charged due to fluctuations in the value of fixed assets? Should depreciation be provided even if the firm is in loss during the financial year? Do firms charge depreciation on fixed assets, although the market value of the assets is higher than its book value?

Distinguish between Cash flow and Fund flow statements of a firm. What is the significance of preparing these statements?

What is the significance of cost of capital in capital budgeting? Is the cost of preference shares lower than the cost of equity shares? State reasons for your answer.

A firm has sales of 20,00,000, variable cost of ® ]4,00,000, fixed cost of % 4,00,000 and debt of ₹ 0,00,000 at 0% rate of interest. Calculate the operating, financial and combined leverages. If the firm wants to triple its earnings before interest and tax (EBIT), how much of a rise in sales would be needed on a percentage basis?

5 marks

'Everything is fair in love and war' and marketing is considered to be a; strategic war fought against competitors in a civilized manner. Examine the above axiom with reference to prevalent unethical marketing practices in India. (it) Briefly evaluate the relevant legal framework and enforcement mechanism to curb unethical marketing practices. h I. i o ne a ee ee ai abe)

A chemical company produces two chemical products: 'A' and 'B'. Production of both products requires the same process, 'T' and 'II'. The production of 'B' results also in a by-product 'C' at no extra cost. The product 'A' can be sold at a profit of = 3 per unit and 'B' at a profit of = 8 per unit. Some of this by-product can be sold at a unit profit of = 2, the remainder has to be destroyed and the destruction cost is = 1 per unit. Forecasts show that up to 5 units of 'C' can be sold. The ) company gets 3 units of 'C' for each unit of 'B' produced. The manufacturing times are 3 hours each per unit for 'A' on process 'T and 'I', and 4 hours and 5 hours per unit for 'B' on process T and 'II', ' respectively. Because the product 'C' results from producing 'B', no time is used in producing 'C'. The available times are 18 and 21 hours of process 'T and 'IT', respectively. Formulate this problem as an LP model to determine the quantity of 'A' and 'B' which should be produced, keeping 'C' in mind, to make the highest profit for the company.

10 marks

Business writer Tom Peters has suggested that in making process changes, we should "Try it, test it, and get on with it." How does this square with the Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control ' (DMAIC)/continuous improvement philosophy?

10 marks

What is Decision Support System (DSS)? Describe the different methods of classification of DSS applications and state their components.

10 marks

What is Kanban Production Control System? State the different possible approaches for Kanban System. Determine the number of Kanbans needed for setting up a Kanban Control System.

10 marks

A company has 3 plants manufacturing 000 scooters in a month. Plants 'A', 'B' and 'C' manufacture 500, 300 and 200 scooters per month respectively. 90%, 92% and 95% scooters are rated standard quality in; plants 'A', 'B' and 'C' respectively. (i) What is the probability that a scooter selected at random is of standard quality? (ii) What is the probability that a scooter selected at random comes from plant 'B' if it is known that the scooter is of standard quality? 40 a.

What is the probability that a scooter selected at random is of standard quality? (ii) What is the probability that a scooter selected at random comes from plant 'B' if it is known that the scooter is of standard quality?

10 marks

What is Aggregate Operations Plan? Discuss the different Production Planning Strategies. State the relevant costs associated with Aggregate Production Plan.

15 marks

The iiteaion represent the number of units produced by four different workers using five different types of machines

On the basis of this information, can it be concluded that (i) workers do not differ with regard to mean productivity (ii) mean production. is same for different machines? [Test at 5% level of significance] 10+10=20 [Tables attached]

The following data gives the marks in Mathematics in a competitive examination in 2018

Describe the procedure and draw a random sample of size 8 without replacement from the given marks by suitable method. 15 Give an estimate of mean score and its standard error. You may use the following random numbers

E-Education is a new start-up that develops and markets MBA courses offered over the Internet. The company is currently located in Bangalore and employs 150 people. Due to strong growth, the company needs ~ additional office space. The company has the option of leasing additional space at its current location in Bangalore for the next two years, but after that will need to move to a new building. Another option the company is considering is moving the entire operation to a new building. Another option the company is considering is moving the entire operation into a small Central India town immediately. A fourth option is for the company to lease a new building in Bangalore immediately. If the company chooses the first option and leases new space at its current location, it can, at the end of two years, either lease a new building in Bangalore or move to a small town in Central India. The following are some additional facts about the alternatives and current situation: 1. The company has a 75% chance of surviving the next two years. 2. Leasing the new space for two years at the current location in Bangalore would cost = 7,50,000 per year. 3. Moving the entire location to Central India would cost = 10 lakhs. Leasing a new building would cost only = 5,00,000 per year. 4. Moving to a new building in Bangalore would cost = 2,00,000 and leasing the new building would cost = 6,50,000. 5. The company can cancel the lease at any time. 6. The company would build its own building in five years, if it survives. co Assume all other costs and revenues are the same no matter where the company is located. What should E-Education do?

20 marks

Ten accountants were given intensive coaching and four tests were conducted in a month. The scores of tests 1 and 4 are given below

Marks in 1% Test: 60 42 61 42 60 41 70 65 62 38 'z Marks in 4' Test: 62 40 61] 52| 68] 51| 64 63 72| 50 ies Do the scores from test 1 to test 4 show an improvement? Test at 5% level of significance. ! [Tables attached] (ii) State the properties of the normal curve. What is a standard normal distribution? Discuss its importance.

15 marks

What is a Supply Chain? What are the elements of Supply Chain Management? What is the need to manage a supply chain, and what are some potential benefits of doing so?

15 marks

What is Enterprise Resource Planning? Describe the different functional areas of it. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using ERP?

Discuss the different types of inventory owned by a business and state the costs associated with inventory. (ii) Items purchased from a vendor cost = 20 each and the forecast for next years' demand is 1,000 units. If it costs ¥ 5 every time an order is placed for more units and the storage cost is = 4 per unit per year, what quantity should be ordered each time? I. What is the total ordering cost for a year? II. What is the total storage cost for a year?

15 marks

What is System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)? Describe in detail the different phases of SDLC and the duties and functions involved in each 'stage. Compare the strengths and weaknesses of SDLC.

20 marks

"SMEs provide immediate large scale employment. They offer a method of ensuring a more equitable distribution of wealth and national resources." In this context, give arguments in favour of SMEs.

10 marks

"Business firms across the world are applying Global e-Business in various divisions to achieve success." Comment on the statement and discuss the various applications of Global e-Business used by firms.

10 marks

Kumar intends to launch a Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) firm in India dealing in the manufacture and marketing of personal care products. He has assigned the task of designing the 'Vision' of the firm to his Managing Director. If you were the Managing Director of the firm, what dimensions would you include and what dimensions would you: avoid in the 'Vision' of the firm? What process would you adopt to envision the 'Vision'?

10 marks

In India, it is becoming increasingly difficult to push through proposals of privatisation. Discuss the difficulties in the process of privatisation.

Discuss Hofstede's 'Cross-Cultural Classification' with reference to multicultural management and its implications on international business decisions.

10 marks

In the context of State participation in business, the government efforts to make business and commerce easy have been widely acknowledged. The next frontier on ease of doing business is addressing pendency, delays and backlogs in appellate and judicial areas. Suggest ways to address the "law's delay" and boost the economy.

20 marks

Evaluate the various initiatives of the 'Exports from India Scheme' under the Foreign Trade Policy of India. List the major goods exported from India from 2016 onwards.

15 marks

A bicycle manufacturing company needs to do value chain analysis of its operations. Suggest in detail as to which method of value chain analysis should be adopted by the bicycle company.

15 marks

Discuss the relation between Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility. What steps have been taken by the government to improve Corporate Governance in India?

15 marks

With reference to 'Export-Import Procedures', explain the 'Different Variants of Bill of Lading along with their Functions' for an export ~ transaction.

20 marks

Discuss the various factors as to why firms are motivated to adopt the "Horizontal Integration Strategies". (ii) Discuss the various principles by which Strategic Alliances can be managed successfully in Indian companies.

15 marks

Give a critical assessment of Cyber Laws in India. (ii) Who is a consumer under Consumer Protection Act? What are the basic rights of consumers?

15 marks

Ada Apparels' is a company dealing with ready-made garments (RMG) business. The CEO of the company wants to expand his business overseas and has conveyed his decision to his Global Marketing Director. If you were the Global Marketing Manager of 'Ada Apparels', which all 'Contractual Modes of Global Marketing Strategies' would you adopt?. Discuss any two contractual modes of global marketing strategies in detail.

15 marks

Differentiate between 'Systematic Approach' and 'Processed Form; Approach' of Environmental Analysis.; (ii) Evaluate the various factors which affect the Environmental Appraisal of an organisation. (ai) Do an Internal Analysis of any organisation using VRIO Framework.

20 marks

Explain the difference between 'needs', 'wants' and 'demands'. Which one of these is the starting point for marketing? Do marketers create needs?

The statement "build a better mousetrap, the world will beat a path to their door" communicates the essence of which marketing management. Why is this concept not the right approach in a competitive marketing scenario?

Smart marketers approach market with an understanding that they cannot appeal to all customers/buyers. Therefore they adopt the 'rifle' approach instead of the 'shotgun' approach. Which of the two approaches is more effective in the contemporary business environment and why?

Define Human Resource (HR) Audit. Describe the various practices followed for HR Audit.

10 marks

What is meant by 'vision', 'mission' and 'objectives'? Briefly explain the nature and characteristics of objectives.

10 marks

Briefly explain the theories of compensation. What are the different types of monetary and non-monetary rewards? What are the merits and demerits of using non-monetary rewards?

Motivation is a simple process but the task of motivating is daunting. Herzberg's theory is based on hygiene and motivator factors. Explain how this theory can be used to motivate employees at different levels of an organisation.

5 marks

Differentiate between line extension and brand extension strategy. Why do organisations proliferate markets with different types of product Variations?

Explain the economic rationale behind leasing as a mode of financing capital assets. What are the differences between an operating lease and a capital lease?

Explain the relationship between 'role' and 'goal'. Differentiate between — role conflict and role ambiguity. What effects do these have on the working of the organisation?

5 marks

What are the different types of skills leaders use in leading? Discuss the reasons why conceptual leadership skills become more important and technical skills go down in importance, at higher levels of organisation.

In the context of Online Internet Marketing, four types are distinguished: Business to Consumer (B2C), Business to Business (B2B), Consumer to Consumer (C2C) and Consumer to Business (C2B). Explain these with the help of examples.

Contrast the effect of FIFO versus (weighted) average cost on ending value of inventory and pre-tax income (PBT), when (i) Prices are rising, and (ii) Prices are falling. Explain how income can be manipulated by the choice of inventory valuation method.

Explain how do marketing communications work with the help of basic communication process. What are the elements of marketing communication mix?

A famous economist wrote that "there is one and only one social responsibility of business — to use resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits...". Critically evaluate this statement in the context of increasing pressure on business to be socially responsible.

Managerial performance can be judged/measured by two parameters of effectiveness and efficiency. Can an organisation or manager with high efficiency fail? Explain why.

What are the primary uses of a standard cost system? Distinguish between favourable and unfavourable cost (and revenue) variances.

What is the pecking order theory of financing? Compare it with the trade-off theory of capital structure.

What is the relationship between bond prices and interest rate 7 How: does one calculate yield to maturity (YTM) on a bond? Define discount bonds, zero coupon bonds and premium bonds.

The India Times reported yesterday that ABS Ltd. earned (profit after tax) * 200 crore during the year ending yesterday and paid out a dividend of i00 crore during the same period. The report also mentioned that the firm's return on equity (ROE) is 20%. Answer the following questions assuming that the firm will maintain the same dividend payout ratio forever: (i) What is the firm's earnings growth rate? (ii) What will next year's earnings be? (iii) What will next year's dividend be? (iv) What is the estimate of market value (market capitalization) of ABS Ltd., if market considers as the required rate of return on equity (cost of equity) of ABS Ltd?

20 marks

Explain direct method and indirect method of preparing statement of cash flows using the following information pertaining to Ajay Ltd: 0 Statement of Profit and Loss for the year ended 3/03/207 Sales Revenue 90,00,000 Cost of Goods Sold 80,00,000 Other Expenses,50,000 Depreciation Expenses 0,000 Profit Before Tax 8,00,000 Income Tax Expense 3,00,000 Net Profit 5,006,000 Relevant Balance Sheet Accounts Inventory 50,000 70,000 Accounts Receivable 60,000 Accounts Payable 80,000 70,000 Income Tax Payable 5,000 20,000

Why does variable costing provide more useful information than absorption costing for decision-making? What are the income relationships between absorption and variable costing when production volume differs from sales volume? What causes these relationships to occur?

What are the major cultural characteristics which explain differences in organisational behaviour across cultures according to Hofstede? Why is cultural adaptation important? Illustrate with the help of suitable examples.

Compare "Net Present Value" (NPV) method and 'Internal Rate of Return' (IRR) method of evaluating capital investments. Which of the two methods is superior and why?

"When managers act on better logic and evidence, their companies will trump the competition." Critically analyse this statement in the context of analytics, big data and HR analytics. What HR decisions can be made better with HR analytics?

What is goal displacement? Bureaucratic organisations often suffer from goal displacement. Explain using live examples.

Explain the meaning of disputes and causes thereof. Industrial disputes, if not resolved create dissatisfaction which finds expression in different ways. Explain the various ways of settling disputes.

What is the purpose of recording adjusting entries? Some of the items for which adjusting entries are made at the end of the accounting period (i) Depreciation expenses (ii) Services provided by the firm for amounts received earlier (ii) Interest payable on loan outstanding {iv) Rents due but not paid State the adjusting entries for the above implicit transactions. If an organisation fails to pass adjusting entries for items (i) to (iv) above, what will be the impact on 'Statement of Profit and Loss' and on 'Balance Sheet'?

5 marks

Two of the emerging organisation structures are virtual and network organisations. Are these threats to conventional organisations?

Does India need more leaders, managers or entrepreneurs for achieving economic growth? Explain, highlighting their differences.

Are the concepts of employee engagement and empowerment different 7? What are the benefits of employee empowerment?

What is the importance of research in marketing? Suppose a company wants to undertake a research study, what process is it likely to undergo? Explain the steps.

5 marks

Mahindra Ltd. has the following capital structure: 8% Non-Convertible {00,0 6,00,000 Debentures (NCD) isis 7-5% Preference Share Capital Equity Share Capital §,00,000 25,00,000 _25,00,000 Atul Mahindra Ltd. is in the 40% tax bracket. The risk-free rate of return is 6% and the expected market risk premium is 7%. The equity beta of Atul Mahindra Ltd. is -00. Calculate the weighted average cost of capital for Atul Mahindra Ltd.

"Activity Based Costing (ABC) systems are always more accurate than traditional costing systems." Do you agree? How does ABC improve overhead assignments?

The manager of a hotel based in New Delhi reports that the mean number of rooms rented out per night is at least 212 based on his observation for the past several months. One of the corporate officials feels that this number might be somewhat over-estimated. A sample of 150 nights produces a mean of 201-3 rooms and a standard deviation of 45-5 rooms. If these results suggest the manager has inflated his report, he will be given a warning. At 5% level, what is the manager's fate? [Normal distribution table is placed at the end of the booklet] id

A small firm intends to increase the capacity of a bottleneck operation. by adding a new machine. Two alternatives A and B, have been identified and the associated costs and revenues have been estimated. Annual fixed costs would be * 4,00,000 for A and F 3,00,000 for B. Variable costs per unit would be = 100 for A'and = 110 for B. Revenue per unit would be = 150. (i) Determine each alternative's break-even point. (ii) At what volume of output would the two alternatives yield the

A new software which has been designed for providing e-business solutions can be sold both as a product and also as a service. Consider two examples of software as product and service and discuss the pricing and promotional strategy for the same.

10 marks

What are the differences in respect of supply chain management practices between a brick and mortar firm and an online firm? Illustrate by taking examples from Walmart and Amazon.com encompassing supply chain activities of sourcing, storage, distribution and retailing.

The probability that a new advertising campaign will increase sales is 0-80. The probability that the cost of developing the new advertising: campaign can be kept within the original budget allocation is 0-40. Assuming that the two events are independent, what is the probability that the cost is not kept within budget or the campaign will not increase sales? freatatas arc & fear men 2: senna (@)

You are the manager of a small steel mill and all your inputs except labour are fixed in the short-run. You suspect that as the input of labour increases, the output of steel will also increase. But you would like to know more about the nature of this relationship so that you can predict the output of steel associated with any level of labour input and use this information to determine the optimal level of labour input. To achieve this goal, you conducted an experiment in which the level of labour input is varied for 8 working days. This is shown in the following table:. Tons of steel a as a 15 (i) Draw a scatter diagram. fii) Develop the predictive regression model after finding out the values of intercept and slope. (iii) Ifthe number of workers is increased up to 10, what would be the output of steel 7

Cryptography (ii} Ethical Hacking

15 marks

What is the difference between Production and Operations Management? Illustrate with the help of examples. fii) Service operations often face more difficulty in planning than their manufacturing counterparts. However, service does have certain advantages that manufacturing does not have. Explain service planning difficulty and the advantages. Compare by taking one example from a service organisation (e.g.

Uh AT ST A 2015 4 aorta fen war at diag. a hae faesht ala a

Case Study X¥2 Machine and Electronics Early in 2016, Shekhar Sharma, Director of Supply Management in XYZ Machine and Electronics, met his company's President at the President's request, to discuss reducing material costs. The meeting centred on the company's historical position as a buyer of only domestic products due to constraints in government contracts, that had recently been removed. The company could now consider global sources. The meeting concluded with Sharma receiving authorization to explore the cost-saving potential of global sourcing. XYZ Machine and Electronics XYZ Machine and Electronics is a division of a worldwide conglomerate that specializes in precision machined products and aerospace electronics. While largely government and defence oriented, the company has one commercial aviation electronics division among its 15 autonomous operating groups. Total sales for XYZ during 2015 was approx. 15,000 crores with over = 5,000 crores being spent by supply management departments of various groups. Supply management function is divided among 15 autonomous divisions. Each has its own supply management department, which reports to division management but adheres to corporate policies and procedures, There is a relatively small corporate supply management staff concerned with corporate: policy and common goods and services. ' The Cost Reduction Objective To maintain its competitive position, XYZ needed to explore all possible ways to reduce costs. In addition to analyzing and working with its domestic suppliers, Shekhar believed it was necessary at this time to begin considering global sources.

Global Sourcing Until 2016, XYZ had only purchased globally as part of an offset countertrade requirement. The other exception was the Commercial Aviation Electronics (CAE) division, which had been acquired in 2015 as a means of diversifying XYZ's electronics markets. CAE not only had been buying from foreign sources but also had established a factory in Singapore to source and manufacture one of its product lines. C.AE's offshore experience began before being acquired by XYZ. At first, parts ' were purchased from Singapore and other East Asian sources. These parts were then assembled in this country. Soon CAE began to buy assemblies in East Asia and finally all factory operations were shifted to their own Singapore facility. When Shekhar contacted each of the other's supply managers, he was surprised to discover that each one had a collection of horror stories of past attempts to establish global sources of supply and was unwilling to try again. Most of these stories centred around problems of communication, quality control, credibility and understanding. Shekhar again contacted the CAE supply manager to discuss details of the Singapore operation, Not only did the Singapore factory build a product line, but also the Singapore supply department sourced components for that product line from throughout East Asia. Initial cost savings from first buys including engineering, test fixtures and other start-up costs ranged from 10% to 18%, Subsequent purchases yielded savings in the 25% to 40% range compared to domestic sources. Quality and delivery problems were minimal. Following that conversation, Shekhar wondered what he might do next. (i) What are the problems being faced by the organisation? (ii) What choices for starting a global sourcing programme exist 7? (ii) Would XYZ benefit from an international supply management office in Asia?

20 marks

What are the nine pillars of Digital India? Explain. How are these going to help in achieving the objectives of Digital India? Discuss.

An organisation has been receiving complaints with regard to the work-related stress problems being faced by young employees. In order to address this problem, the organisation has hired a professionally qualified counsellor who has been assigned the task of counselling the young recruits. It is found that the young employees' arrival at the counsellor's office fits a Poisson distribution with an average of 5-2 employees every 20 minutes. However, the counsellor is concerned that if too many employees need the services, a crowding problem may develop. ti) The counsellor must determine the probability that four employees will arrive during any 20-minute interval, which could create crowding problem. (i) The counsellor must also calculate the probability that more than four employees will arrive during any 20-minute period. 5+10=15 {Poisson distribution table is attached with this problem]

Poisson Distribution —

What is the difference between cluster sampling and stratified - sampling? Explain with the help of examples.; (ii) A manufacturer of machine tools claims that the mean amount of time required to assemble their top-of-the-line electric saw is 80 minutes with a standard deviation of 40 minutes. Data was collected from a random sample of 64 past purchases of this electric saw. What is the probability that the sample mean will be greater than 88 minutes 7? §+J0=15 [Normal distribution table is placed at the end of the booklet]

What is the difference between data and information? Introduce the key concept of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and how ERP can help in Managing organisational resources and operational planning. If you have to implement ERP in your organisation, what will be the key considerations for deciding on the system?

Why do items managed or procured by an organisation need to be classified? How does ABC analysis help the organisation in this regard? (ii) What trade-offs are involved while determining economic order quantity for an organisation 7 (iii) As part of an insurance company's training program, participants learn how to conduct an analysis of clients' insurability. The goal is to have participants achieve a time in the range of 30 to 45 minutes. Test results for three participants were: Shyam, a mean of 38 minutes.and a standard deviation of 3 minutes; Mohan, a mean of 37 minutes and a standard deviation of 2-5 minutes and Kaushik, a mean of 37-5 minutes and a standard deviation of 1-5 minutes, Which of the participants would you judge to be capable? Explain.

Discuss the key objectives of the Public Distribution System (PDS), How are these objectives being delivered by our existing system? Examine how efficient our PDS is and if it can be improved by involving private

Mlustrate with examples, how do MNCs set transfer pricing to take advantage of differential tax rates in different countries.

What is the difference between Strategy and Tactics? Discuss the various approaches for turning around a sick company. What will be your approach for turning around Air India without going for

Discuss an approach for macro-economic analysis of the business environment. How do you determine industry attractiveness? Discuss a framework for analyzing industry structure.

10 marks

Discuss the various perceived risks for a company from a developed economy planning to invest in a new project in a developing and underdeveloped country. How do you propose to mitigate these perceived risks?

10 marks

A conglomerate is operating in five business verticals and has reported performance as given in Table 1 below: Table 1: Performance Data

No. of competitors operating 6 16 3 in same vertical =

Industry growth rate 16:0 (% in value) Total size of the industry

Business unit profitability, of sales of the business unit from its international operations The company is evaluating the different divisions in its portfolio and would like to consider (i) the BCG and (ii) GE-McKinsey framework to decide on which of these divisions to focus its resources and also which of the divisions to divest, giving reasons why.

What are the salient features of the Companies Act, 2013 that would promote Business Initiatives, Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility and protect investors?

Diseuss key considerations of identifying a joint venture partner. Why do we go for JVs in business? What are the various types of JVs that can be formed and what would be their management challenges?

15 marks

Global firms face three possible types of foreign currency exposure namely, Transaction, Translation (Accounting) and Economic. What are the different strategies organisations can adopt to deal with these exposure risks? amt faite st aaa & ore ere thre We have many industries and services managed and controlled by the Government and run as Public Sector Undertakings. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the government managing these corporations, taking examples under each category. Also give your recommendation, giving reasons why.

20 marks

What are generic strategies? Why can generic strategies not deliver above average performance? Discuss briefly, business strategy development process.

What is the current definition of MSME sector? Discuss the contribution of SME sector in our economy. Mention five broad policy initiatives that can help growth of SME sector in India.

15 marks

Elucidate the concept of core competency. How does it help an organisation to create competitive advantage? How do organisations identify, develop and protect its core competencies?

15 marks

Why are Free Trade Agreements signed? What are their advantages and disadvantages? Discuss the stages of evolution of a domestic corporation to finally emerge as a global conglomerate.

20 marks

The Normal Distribution

Discuss the contributions of Fayol in the development of management thought.

Explain the concept of Perception and state the factors which have a bearing on the perceptual process of an individual.

Explain five ways of employee empowerment in modern smart governmental organisations.

Discuss contingent and transformational leadership styles with suitable examples from government and private sectors.

What is Job Satisfaction? What is its relationship with employees' intention to stay, productivity, absenteeism, turnover and accidents? Answer in the context of Knowledge Based Organisations.

Define Conflict. What are Intrapersonal and Interpersonal conflicts? How can these be resolved? Give examples.

20 marks

What is the relationship between entrepreneurship and innovation? Discuss different types of innovations.

Organisational Behaviour is of multidisciplinary nature. Name 0 disciplines including emerging disciplines which contributed to make organisational behaviour. Give one example for each of the disciplines.

What is Motivation? How can Maslow's Hierarchy theory be used to motivate employees in an organisation? Explain.

Explain the components of the technology enabled HRIS and feedback mechanism in an organisation. Do they lead to increased motivation and morale? Substantiate.

20 marks

What are the potential sources and consequences of stress in the organisational context? How can we deal with them?

Explain the challenges of Human Resource Planning in the context of demographic and technological changes.

"A business organisation's sole responsibility is to further the interest of its owners within the boundaries of legal framework and business organisations cannot be charged with social responsibilities." Do you agree with the statement? Explain.

20 marks

What is organisational culture? How can organisational culture be built? Explain.

Define Job Costing and Process Costing. In what ways is Job Costing different from Process Costing?

Explain the importance of Management Accounting in financial decisions.

"The success of a company depends on its well-planned capital structure." Examine.

Explain the Miller-Orr model of cash management. How is this model helpful in determination of appropriate cash balance?

Market segmentation is a compromise between efficiency and effectiveness. Critically evaluate this statement.

Define Standard Cost and Standard Costing. How is Standard Costing useful in the effective control over the cost?

Why is customer retention important in the current marketing environment? Explain the strategies that could be adopted to retain customers for a long period of time.

20 marks

Explain the operating cycle concept of working capital. How is a close study of operating cycle helpful in the management of working capital? Explain.

"Equity capital and Retained earnings provide cost-free capital." Do you agree with this statement? Explain the methods for determining their costs.

20 marks

Define funds from operations. How is it computed? Explain with example.

Positioning is done in the consumer's mind and not of product. Explain its relevance in the context of a competitive market.

What is the purpose of reconciling Cost and Financial Accounts? Explain the causes of difference between costing profits and financial profits.

The consumer does not take buying decisions randomly. Explain the various steps of the consumer decision-making process.

"Leverage serves as a tool which cuts both ways. On one hand it increases the risk and on the other it provides an opportunity to increase return on investment." Critically examine this statement.

A movie producer is bringing out a new movie. In order to map out his advertising campaign, he wants to determine whether the movie will appeal most to a particular age group or whether it will appeal equally to all age groups. The producer takes a random sample from persons attending the preview of the movie, and obtains the following results. Use 42 test to derive the conclusion (for 6 degrees of freedom and 5% significance level, x? critical value is 12:592)

10 marks

1000 lightbulbs with a mean life of 120 days are installed in a new company. Their length of life is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 20 days. How many bulbs will expire in less than 90 days? If it is decided to replace all the bulbs together, what interval should be allowed between group replacements if not more than 10% should expire before replacement?

10 marks

ABC Company buys its annual requirements of 36000 units in 6 instalments. Each unit costs ¥ 1 and the ordering cost is estimated as 20% of unit value. Find the total annual cost by the existing inventory policy. How much money can be saved by 'Economic Order Quantity' model?

5 marks

Explain DMAIC methodology in the context of Six Sigma Quality.

5 marks

Discuss the need and method of 'Rapid Application Development (RAD)'. How does it differ from the traditional 'System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)'?

10 marks

In this age of rapid technological change and IT enabled business processes, in what ways are the organisational elements such as organisational structures, business processes and work flows getting affected? Discuss.

10 marks

A company manufactures two products 'Alpha' and 'Beta'. Each unit of Alpha requires 1 hour of machining and 2 hours of skilled labour, whereas each unit of Beta uses 2 hours of machining and 1 hour of skilled labour. For the forthcoming month, the machining capacity is limited to 720 hours and the skilled labour is limited to 780 hours. Not more than 320 units of Alpha can be sold during a month. For the maximisation of profits, determine the optimal product mix and maximum profit. Unit contribution from Alpha is ¥ 6 and from Beta is? 4. Use Simplex method.

20 marks

Discuss the supply chain efficiency of 'Amazon.com' with special reference to international supply chain design.

15 marks

ITC had come up with a web-based initiative called e-choupal which offers the farmers information about products and services they can use to enhance farm productivity, improve price realisation and reduce transaction costs. Farmers can access local and global information on scientific farming practices, weather forecasts as well as market prices, all in Hindi at the village choupal. e-choupal also facilitates supply of farm inputs and purchase of commodities at their doorsteps. In order to overcome the constraints at the village level, this model is designed to provide service support through a lead farmer designated as e-choupal coordinator who acts as the interface between the computer system and the farmers. (i) How is e-choupal different from other agri-based portals? 3) (ii) What technological aspects should be considered while designing such a web-based system? 5) (iii) What factors would be critical to the success of such a venture? Discuss their role.

5 marks

Indian Railways, the world's largest railway, had introduced the Computerised Reservation System (CRS) in one location Delhi in 1986. Presently over 750 locations all over the country have CRS terminals and 97% of the reservations are done through this system. With increase in data load, the Indian Railways adopted a decentralised database system approach with the data spread over multiple mainframe computers installed at various places in the country. Later, Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) introduced web-based ticketing through its web site http://www.irctc.co.in which links to the CRS at the back end for transactions. () What is data integration? How crucial is data integration for the Indian

How do we manage data integrity and data redundancy in a distributed data system like the Indian Railways CRS? ey (iii) What aspects would be critical to the successful running of such a big but distributed database system?

"Statistics are numerical statements of facts, but all facts stated numerically are not statistics." Clarify this statement and point out which numerical statements of facts are statistics.

10 marks

A company is setting up an assembly line to produce 192 units per 8-hour; shift. The following table identifies the work elements, times and immediate predecessors: Work element Time (in sec) Immediate predecessor(s) A 40 None

Total 720 (i) What is the desired cycle time (in seconds)? S (ii) What is the minimum number of stations? iS) (iii) Draw the precedence diagram. 5 (iv) What are the efficiency and balance delay of the solution found?

5 marks

The following are the monthly figures of advertising expenditure and sales of a company. It is found that advertising expenditure has impact on sales generally after 2 months. Allowing for this time lag, calculate the coefficient of correlation: 10 Advertising expenditure Sales

What do you mean by Type-I and Type-II errors? How are they interrelated? In which situations, you would not like to commit Type-I error?

5 marks

A project manager gathered important information for a new project which is —; given below

Draw the network diagram by Arrow-On-Node (AON) method. Calculate the expected time and variance for each activity. 5 (i) Calculate the activity slacks and determine the critical path using the expected activity times. 10 (iii) What is the probability of completing the project within 23 weeks?

5 marks

"ERP systems are usually based on best management practices." Comment on the practical implications of this statement.

15 marks

Are you in favour of government control over price and distribution through public distribution system? Justify your answer.

10 marks

In what way is the LPG era instrumental for the comprehensive growth and development of the nation?

10 marks

"Multi-cultural management is a challenging task in international business."

If a company starts acquiring unrelated businesses, in what ways should it change its structure and control mechanisms to manage the acquisitions?

10 marks

What strategic competencies are helping Maruti Suzuki to maintain its dominant position in the Indian Automobile Industry in spite of the fiercely competitive market? Discuss.

10 marks

"India has corporate giants, small-scale industrial units, medium and micro enterprises. Indian regulatory bodies and funding agencies are encouraged to support all these business houses of different sizes." In the light of the above statement, answer the following questions: (i) Discuss the policy of the Government of India towards small-scale industries. 10 (ii) What would be your suggestions for the congenial growth of all these segments of business?

10 marks

"Country risk analysis assumes that a country is a purposeful entity managed by a government." (i) Bring to light the major dimensions focussed in country risk analysis. 10 (ii) In what way is this analysis helpful to corporate houses?

10 marks

Should 'green' environmental issues form part of the corporate strategy ofa business? Discuss the pros and cons.

10 marks

"Ignorance of the consumer of her rights, lack of consumer movement and lack of due recognition to the consumer organisations have been some important factors which led to the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986." (i) Specify the consumer rights to be protected. 5 (ii) What sort of consumer movement has the Act contemplated? 5 (iii) Discuss the role of consumer organisations in consumer protection.

10 marks

How can service organisations internationalise themselves? What strategies would make them successful in their endeavour?

15 marks

Given the problems associated with prescriptive strategic change, why is it important and what can be done to better manage this process?

15 marks

One of the founders of Infosys Technologies Limited has made criticisms against the Board of Management for the failure in corporate governance. (i) What reasons has he quoted for the failure of corporate governance? Are these reasons justifiable? 10 (ii) Specify the standards for good corporate governance.

10 marks

"Indian IT companies are successful in global business." () What reasons would you focus for their success? 10 (i) In what way is the Indian manufacturing hub lagging behind IT companies in satisfying global consumers?

10 marks

Why is it important for strategy makers to understand the difference between tangible and intangible assets? Which one is more important in creating - competitive advantage and why?

10 marks

Enumerate the contribution of F. W. Taylor for management thought.

Who is the propounder of Theory 'X' and Theory 'Y' in management? What are the assumptions underlying Theory 'X' and Theory 'Y"?

Differentiate between 'choice making' and 'decision making' in management. Explain with real-life examples.

Discuss three Human Resource Management challenges faced in the 21st Century.

What non-monetary compensation and benefits will you devise to increase employee productivity?

Define the term 'entrepreneur'. Explain the essential managerial skills for a successful entrepreneur.

15 marks

How does organizational culture influence the decision-making process? Give suitable examples to substantiate your answer.

15 marks

How will you assess the training need of different categories of employees in. a government organization?

20 marks

"Behaviour is a problem." Comment as perception.

15 marks

How do job analysis and job evaluation enable better performance?

15 marks

What is meant by 'quality circles'? Explain the impact of quality circles on productivity.

20 marks

What are the causes of work stress? How does employees' morale affect productivity?

15 marks

Write a note on 'Management by Objectives' (MBO), bringing out its problems and limitations.

20 marks

How does an administrator manage cultural diversity in any organization?

15 marks

Describe the steps in strategic evaluation and control process.

What is the role of marketing in the Internet eraP Which segment of consumers and what kind of products dominates online marketing?

"Finance manager is always faced with the dilemma of liquidity vs. profitability." Explain the concept of liquidity and profitability.

What is value-based management? Explain the 'value drivers' and 'key. What processes'.

What are Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Account? What are the fundamental accounting principles?

Explain cost accounting concepts. What are its applications in budgetary

What are various methods of pricing strategies? What are the demerits of cost-based pricing mechanism?

What is 'break-even analysis'? Explain with an example the terms 'margin of safety' and 'angle of incident'.

20 marks

What is 'zero-based budgeting'? What are its applications? Do you think this concept can be used in the Indian financial system?

Explain with examples the concept of financial risk and return.

15 marks

What are the macro-factors prevailing in the global economy that lead to mergers and acquisitions?

20 marks

How could Government of India devise segmentation and targeting concepts of marketing to deliver its developmental schemes? Specify particular schemes and their beneficiaries.

20 marks

Critically examine the role of voluntary organizations in protecting consumers' rights.

15 marks

What is 'whistle-blowing'? What steps have been taken to protect whistle- blowers in India?

15 marks

The probabilities of X, Y and Z becoming managers are;;: and; respectively. The probabilities that Bonus Scheme will be introduced if X, Y and Z become managers are at 5 and. respectively. What is the probability that Bonus Scheme will be introduced? And if Bonus Scheme has been introduced, what is the probability that the manager appointed was Y?

The two regression lines obtained from a certain data were Y =X +5 and 6X = - 94. Find the variance of X, if the variance of Y is 6. Also find the covariance between X and Y.

A multiple-choice quiz has 200 questions, each with four possible answers, of which only one is the correct answer. What is the probability that sheer guesswork yields from 25 to 30 correct answers for 80 of the —————~200 questions about which the student hasnoknowledge?

5 marks

A company manufactures two kinds of machines, each requiring different manufacturing techniques. The deluxe machine requires 18 hours of labour, 8 hours of testing and yields a profit of ~ 450. The standard machine requires 3 hours of labour, 4 hours of testing and yields a profit of = 250. There are 800 hours of labour and 600 hours of testing available each month. A marketing forecast has shown that the monthly demand for the standard machine is to be more than 150. Management wants to know the number of each model to be produced monthly that will maximize total profit. Formulate and solve this as a

What is MIS planning? Discuss with an example how it is linked with general business planning.

5 marks

Discuss the merits and demerits of online payment systems and the legal and ethical issues of online business.

5 marks

What is meant by cost of quality? Describe its components.

5 marks

Discuss the special characteristics of information as an important resource and show by means of a block diagram how information is processed in an order processing department in a fairly large organisation.

At carat feet &? A toy company is interested in balancing a production line that will manufacture an electronic football game to compete with the similar successful model of its rival. Tasks, task times and precedence requirements are given in the table below: Task Time(insec) Predecessors. A 40 None

Construct a sequence diagram. (ii) To halance the line with a 60 second cycle time, what is the theoretical minimum number of work stations required? A 7 hour day is worked. (iii) Balance the line taking 60 second cycle time. (iv) What is the efficiency of the line?

15 marks

A department store had forecast the sales of ¥ 1,10,000 for last week, The actual sales turned out to be = 1,25,000. Given a = 0-1, what is the forecast for this week? If sales this week turn out to be = 1,20,000, what is the forecast for the next week?

5 marks

Explain Waterfall approach to system development life cycle (SDLC). Discuss its strengths and weaknesses.

5 marks

A vote is to be taken among the residents of a town and the surrounding area to determine whether a proposed chemical plant should be constructed or not. The construction site is within the town limits and for this reason many voters of the surrounding area feel that the proposal will pass because of the large proportion of town voters who favour the construction. To determine if there is a significant difference in the proportion of town voters and surrounding area voters favouring the proposal, a poll is taken. If 120 of the 200 town voters favour the proposal and 240 of 500 surrounding area voters favour the proposal, would you agree that the proportion of town voters favouring the proposal is higher than that of the surrounding area voters? Use a 5% level of significance.

5 marks

Out of 200 boys, 75 are intelligent of which 40 have skilled fathers, while 85 of the unintelligent boys have unskilled fathers. Do these figures support the hypothesis that skilled fathers have intelligent boys? 5 (Use Chi-square values 3-841, 5-991, 7-815 and 9-488 for degrees of freedom 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively.)

The daily demand for a component assembly item is normally distributed with a mean of 120 and standard deviation of 15. Furthermore, the source of supply is reliable and maintains a constant lead time of 4 days. If the cost of placing the order is = 45 and the annual carrying cost is = 0-75/unit, find out the economic order quantity and the reorder point to provide a 95% service level. The firm operates 5 days/week, 52 weeks/year.

10 marks

Ranbaxy Ltd. is deciding to invest = 10 crore in research for development of medicines to cure HIV/AIDS. Can you term it as a "project"? Justify.

5 marks

A firm is planning to develop and market a new drug. The cost of extensive research to develop the drug has been estimated at = 1,00,000. The manager of the research program has found that there is a 60% chance that the drug will be developed successfully. The market potential has been assessed as follows: 15 Market Potential Probability PV of Profit (=) Large Market 0-1 50,000 Moderate Market 0-6 25,000 Low Market 0:3 10,000 The present value (PV) figures do not include the cost of research. While the firm is considering this proposal, a second proposal, almost similar, comes up for consideration. The second one also requires an investment of = 1,00,000, but the PV of all profit is ¥ 12,000. Of course the return on investment in the second proposal is certain. Recommend, by applying appropriate decision criteria, what decision should the firm take regarding the investment of = 1,00,000?

Discuss the use of M-commerce to achieve competitive advantage for an organisation in the context of web-based marketing. Also discuss the limitations of E-commerce.

If a random variable x follows a Poisson distribution such that Prob (x = ) = Prob (x = 2), find the mean and variance. Also find Prob (x = 0).

What is meant by Database Normalization? Describe INF, 2NF and 3NF.

Discuss some of the important pre-requisites for successful e-governance. Explain how can e-government improve citizen participation in public affairs.

What is statistical process control? How is it different from acceptance sampling? When is a process said to be out of control? How can control-charts be of use in identifying out of control process? Explain.

What is the role of a 'Firewall'? Discuss the relative merits of developing firewalls—in-house—or—buying—a—commercial—firewall — software?

15 marks

Given the following product structure of A; explode, offset and determine the gross and net requirements. All lead times (LT) are in weeks and the quantities required are shown in parentheses. The MPS calls for 700 units of product A, to be delivered in week 12. The company has in hand 300 units of each of the components C and E. Uetermine the order release data for all necessary orders.

10 marks

Explain the key difference between DBMS and RDBMS. Name the software products which are both DBMS and RDBMS compliant.

10 marks

Describe the value chain of e-commerce and the procedures for implementing e-commerce. How would you start performing the industry analysis for a small business that wants to launch an e-commerce project? Explain.

10 marks

In International Trade Theory, how is "Theory of Absolute Advantage' different from "Theory of Comparative Advantage'? Which of these is more preferred?

10 marks

What do you understand by 'Corporate policy'? How is it different from 'Business policy'?

10 marks

Discuss the role of the State in business activities.

10 marks

Distinguish between "Strategic alliance" and "Joint venture". What factors should be considered in choosing a co-venturer?

10 marks

Explain the various provisions of Information Technology Act, 2000 relating to appointment, term of office, salary, resignation and removal of the residing Officer of the Cyber Appellate Tribunal.

10 marks

What is Environmental Threat and Opportunity Profile? How is it prepared? Illustrate with an example.

20 marks

Explain concentric diversification and horizontal diversification citing recent examples from the Indian corporate world.

10 marks

Do you think hostile takeovers are unethical? Why or why not?

5 marks

Explain the legal formalities and procedures to become an exporter.

15 marks

Describe how Michael Porter's 'Five Forces Model' helps in analysing a firm's competitive advantage. Also describe the weaknesses of this model.

20 marks

Critically evaluate India's Foreign Trade Policy and trends in recent years.

Do you think the 'Make in India' call can bring in changes?

20 marks

Maruti-Suzuki had started operations in Haryana. Due to a variety of reasons it shifted its expansion activities by setting up a plant in Mehsana, Gujarat. Explain how each of the following resources within the company might influence its overall strategy: 5+5=10 (i) Financial Resources (ii) Human Resource Planning

Critically evaluate the EXIM policy of India and state the key objectives of the Export-Import policy.

10 marks

How does the governance system affect firm performance and competitive advantage? How do powerful shareholders exacerbate 3 the agency problem?

10 marks

How does the management strategy of multinational companies differ. from that of national companies? Explain.

10 marks

Explain the Export Credit Delivery System in India.

10 marks

Discuss the Global trends in FDI. 10. Standard Normal Probabilities Table entry Table entry for z is the area under the standard normal curve: to the left of z.

Standard Normal Probabilities Table entry. Table entry for z is the area under the standard normal curve

Confidence Level