‘Swadhar’ is the scheme for

The correct answer is C. Swadhar was launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development around 2001 to support women in difficult circumstances who have no family or social support. It provides shelter, food, clothing, counselling, legal aid and rehabilitation to widows, destitute women, women released from prison, women facing violence or trafficking, and women affected by disasters.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Unique identification is Aadhaar, administered by UIDAI under the Aadhaar Act, 2016. Swadhar has no link to it.
• B: Self-employment schemes are a different category, such as PMEGP or the earlier SGSY and DAY-NRLM. Swadhar is women-specific and is not a self-employment scheme for males.
• D: Senior citizens fall under the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007, and schemes of the Ministry of Social Justice such as IGNOAPS. Swadhar is not about old-age homes.

Core concept: this is a women-centric welfare scheme for vulnerable sections. For Mains, it fits GS-II (welfare schemes for vulnerable sections) and GS-I (women and social empowerment). Note that Swadhar Greh now operates under the Mission Shakti umbrella, a change after 2013.

Trap: aspirants mix up Swadhar with Ujjawala, which is for trafficking victims, and with Swawalamban, which is a skill-training scheme.