Which one of the following is not correctly matched?

The correct answer is D. Article 48 deals with organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines, including preservation of cattle and prohibition of slaughter of cows, calves and milch and draught cattle. Separation of judiciary from executive is Article 50, which sits in the same Directive Principles chapter (Part IV). That is why the two get mixed up.

Checking the others:

• Article 39A, inserted by the 42nd Amendment (1976), requires equal justice and free legal aid. Correct.
• Article 40 directs the State to organise village panchayats as units of self-government. Correct.
• Article 44 asks the State to endeavour to secure a Uniform Civil Code. Correct.

Core concept: Directive Principles of State Policy, which are non-justiciable but guide governance. Mains angle: the gap between DPSP and enforcement, visible in debates on UCC and cow protection laws, many of which are state-level measures. Uttarakhand enacted a UCC in 2024, which is a post-exam development worth noting.

Trap: Aspirants memorise the article numbers in a block and mix 48 with 50, since both are DPSP and both sound administrative.