Who among the following had resigned from the Viceroy’s Executive Council protesting Jalliawala Bagh Massacre?

The correct answer is C. Sir C. Sankaran Nair, the Madras lawyer serving as a member of the Viceroy's Executive Council, resigned in 1919 in protest against the government's handling of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the repressive response that followed. He is the one member who resigned on this issue.

• A (Rabindranath Tagore): Tagore protested by renouncing his knighthood in May 1919. He was never a member of the Viceroy's Executive Council, so he could not have resigned from it.
• B (Madan Mohan Malaviya): Malaviya was a prominent Congress leader and legislative figure, not an executive councillor. He had no seat on the Executive Council to resign from.
• D (All these above): Fails because two of the three names are incorrect.

The core concept is the difference between the Executive Council (government ministers answerable to the Viceroy) and the legislative bodies. For Mains, this episode shows the moderates' disillusionment after 1919, which fed into the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Trap: Aspirants pick D because all three names are linked to the 1919 protests, without checking which of them actually held a seat on the Executive Council.