The active voice of the sentence “was not the rebuked by his officer?” is

The printed sentence is garbled, but the intended passive is Was he not rebuked by his officer? Converting to active voice, the object 'he' becomes the object of 'rebuke', the agent 'his officer' becomes the subject, and the tense stays simple past. The negation 'not' must be kept, and the interrogative structure must follow the same pattern.

Option C is correct: 'did not his officer rebuke him?' keeps the interrogative 'did', keeps 'not' in its place, and gives the right subject and object.

• A is a plain declarative. It drops the question form and the negation, so it changes the sentence entirely.
• B is a question but drops 'not'. That reverses the meaning, since the original asks whether he was NOT rebuked.
• D is still passive ('was not his officer rebuked') and is ungrammatical in its object form, so it cannot be the active voice.

This is a core voice-transformation rule: keep tense, keep negation, swap subject and object, and use the auxiliary 'did' for simple past questions. In modern usage 'Did his officer not rebuke him?' is more common than the inverted form, but C remains the option that matches the structure.

Trap: aspirants drop the 'not' when converting interrogative sentences, which flips the meaning and makes B look tempting.