The British journalist H.W. Nevinson was associated with ?

The answer is C) Swadeshi Movement. H.W. Nevinson was a radical British journalist (Daily Chronicle, Daily News) who visited India around 1905, during the anti-Partition agitation in Bengal. He reported sympathetically on the boycott of British goods, the promotion of indigenous industry and the rise of national education, and wrote about it in The New Spirit in India (1908).

Why the others fail:

• A) Non-Co-Operation (1920-22): Nevinson's Indian writing is tied to the pre-1910 Swadeshi period, not the Gandhian campaign that followed.
• B) Civil Disobedience (1930): This is the Salt Satyagraha era. It is not linked to his reporting.
• D) Quit India (1942): Nevinson died in 1941, so he could not have been associated with it.

The core concept is the early phase of Indian nationalism, when the moderate-extremist divide and the Partition of Bengal (1905) first turned mass politics towards economic nationalism. For Mains, this links to the idea of Swadeshi as both economic boycott and cultural self-assertion. Sympathetic British voices like Nevinson show how Indian nationalism was debated in Britain too.

Trap: Aspirants pick the most famous movement by name. Check the person's lifespan and period of writing before choosing the movement.