The Tarkeshwar movement of 1924 in Bengal was against:

The answer is A) Corruption in temples. The Tarakeswar Satyagraha of 1924 targeted the Tarakeswar temple in Hooghly district, where the mahant was accused of misusing temple funds and of moral misconduct. Congress volunteers, drawing on Gandhian nonviolent methods, protested outside the shrine, and the agitation drew wide public attention. It ended in a settlement, and a 1925 Bengal Act placed the temple's management under a committee. That sequence is worth remembering because it shows how the Congress used satyagraha for religious and social reform, not only for political demands.

Why the others fail:

• B) Violence: The movement was deliberately nonviolent. Violence was the thing it avoided.
• C) Arrest of political leaders: Volunteers were jailed during the protest, but arrests were a consequence, not the grievance.
• D) Communalism: It was a reform agitation against a corrupt mahant, not a clash between religious communities.

Core concept: Gandhian satyagraha applied to internal reform of Hindu institutions. This links to Mains GS-1 on social reform movements and the Congress's wider mobilisation in the 1920s.

Trap: Aspirants see "1924" and "Bengal" and jump to Non-Cooperation or to political arrests. The question asks what the movement was against, and the answer is the temple's corruption.