In which of the following countries women have been given voting rights for first time and they won 13 seats in the election (2015) creating a history?

The answer is C) Saudi Arabia. In December 2015 Saudi Arabia held its first municipal elections in which women could both vote and stand as candidates. Women had not voted in national-level polls there before, so this was a historic first for the kingdom. Be careful with the seat figure: widely reported counts put the number of women elected at around 20, not 13, so if an official-sounding number appears in a question, check it against the source the paper relies on.

Why the others are wrong:

• Iraq: Women voted in Iraq's elections well before 2015, including the 2005 polls.
• Jordan: Women have voted there since 1974.
• Turkey: Women gained the right to vote in 1930 for local elections and in 1934 for national elections.

The core concept is the gradual, country-specific extension of franchise, which links to the Mains theme of women's political participation and the role of local self-government. Saudi Arabia's reform also sits inside the wider debate on governance and social change in West Asia.

Trap: Aspirants pick Iraq or Jordan because they are Arab states with early reforms, or they remember the 2015 date but forget that the first women's vote was only in municipal polls.