In which of the following districts of U.P., 112 year old woman (Nauroji Devi) has been elected Pradhan of a Village?

The correct answer is B) Azamgarh. Nauroji Devi, aged 112, was elected Gram Pradhan in the 2015 panchayat elections in an Azamgarh village, and the news coverage attached to her name is what this question tests.

The other options are eastern UP districts that are often mentioned together, which makes them easy to confuse with Azamgarh:

• Mau, Ghazipur and Jaunpur are neighbouring districts, but they are not the constituency in this news report. Do not choose a district just because it sits in the same region.

The core concept is Panchayati Raj. Under Part IX of the Constitution (73rd Amendment, 1992), panchayats are elected bodies, and in UP the Gram Pradhan is directly elected by village voters under the UP Panchayat Raj Act, 1947 (as amended). The Act sets a minimum age for contesting but no upper age limit, which is why a 112-year-old could stand. For Mains, this links to the 33% and 50% reservation for women in panchayats and to whether elected representation is genuinely participatory.

Trap: aspirants pick a district because it sounds familiar, or assume a neighbouring district is correct. Match the answer to the specific news fact, not to the region.