What was the name of the party formed by Motilal Nehru and C R Das in 1923 A D ?

The correct answer is C, the Swaraj Party. After the Gaya session of Congress in December 1922 rejected council entry, C R Das and Motilal Nehru founded the Swaraj Party in 1923 to contest legislative seats and obstruct the government from within. Das was its president and Motilal Nehru its secretary.

• A) Independence Party: No such party was founded by these two leaders in 1923. The option trades on the word Independence, and its spelling is also wrong.
• B) Ghadar Party: Founded in 1913 in the United States by Lala Har Dayal and other Indian emigrants, with the aim of armed revolution. It had no link to the council-entry programme.
• D) Indian National Party: Not a real party formed by them. The national body was the Indian National Congress, of which the Swarajists were a faction.

Core concept: the 1922-23 Congress split between the Swarajists and the No-Changers led by Gandhi and Rajagopalachari, over council entry under the Government of India Act 1919. It links to the Mains theme of how the nationalist movement used constitutional and legislative methods.

Trap: Candidates mix up the Swaraj Party with the Home Rule League of 1916, founded by Tilak and Annie Besant, or with the Ghadar movement.