Statements : A) Alcoholic drinks are injurious to health. B) All old woman drink whisky. Inferences : I. All old women have poor health. II. Al young women are in good health. Codes

Read the statements carefully. Statement A says alcoholic drinks are injurious to health. Statement B says all old women drink whisky. Combining them gives only this: old women who drink whisky consume something harmful. It says nothing about the overall health of old women, and nothing about young women at all.

Inference I fails because a harmful habit does not make every old woman unhealthy. Injurious and poor health are not the same claim, and the statements never say that the harm shows up in every individual. Inference II fails because the statements contain no information about young women. Nothing about whisky or alcohol is linked to them, so no conclusion can be drawn.

The core concept is that an inference must follow necessarily from the given statements, not from common sense or general knowledge. The same discipline helps in Mains answers on health and substance abuse, where you must separate what the evidence shows from what you assume.

• Option A is wrong because Inference I does not follow.
• Option B is wrong because Inference II does not follow.
• Option D is wrong because neither inference follows.

Trap: Aspirants accept Inference I because it sounds like a natural consequence of Statement A. Ask whether the statements force the conclusion, not whether it feels reasonable.