Who among the following foreign travellers visited India during the reign of Jahangir?

The correct answer is B) Francisco Pelsaert. He was a Dutch merchant working for the Dutch East India Company and served as head of the Dutch factory at Agra from about 1620 to 1627, which covers the later part of Jahangir's reign (1605-1627). His account, often cited as Remarkable Events and widely read as a view of Jahangir's India, describes Agra's markets, trade, administration and the court.

• A) Father Anthony Monserrate was a Jesuit who came to Akbar's court around 1580-1583 on a Portuguese mission. He is an Akbar-era visitor, so he does not fit.
• C) Niccolo Manucci was a Venetian who reached India only around 1656, in Aurangzeb's time. His work is the Storia do Mogor.
• D) Francois Bernier was a French physician who was in India from 1656 to 1668 and served at Aurangzeb's court. His Travels in the Mogul Empire is also Aurangzeb-era.

The core concept is the chronology of European travellers and the Mughal emperor each one served, which links directly to the Mughal and Modern History sections of the syllabus and to Mains questions on sources for Mughal society and economy.

Trap: Candidates often pick Monserrate because he is the earliest name and a Jesuit. Check the emperor's dates before you match the traveller.