Which among the following is not a parameter for estimating Global Gender Gap Index of World Economic Forum?

The Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI), published by the World Economic Forum since 2006, ranks countries on the size of gender gaps, not on absolute levels of women's welfare. It rests on four pillars: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, and Political Empowerment.

So the answer is D, Leisure. Option A (Health) maps to Health and Survival, B (Education) maps to Educational Attainment, and C (Economy) maps to Economic Participation and Opportunity. Leisure is not a pillar anywhere in the framework.

The index uses indicators such as labour force participation, wage equality, literacy and enrolment ratios, sex ratio at birth, healthy life expectancy, and women's share in parliament and ministerial posts. India has consistently ranked in the lower tier; the 2024 edition placed it at 129 out of 146, so check the latest report before quoting a rank.

Mains angle: GS-I and GS-II on women's empowerment, especially the gap between high enrolment and low workforce participation.

Trap: Aspirants pick Economy because it sounds like a pillar, without remembering the exact names. Learn the four pillars word for word.