Who among the following leaders founded the revolutionary organization - 'Abhinav Bharat Society'?

The correct answer is B) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar. He founded the Abhinav Bharat Society along with his brother Ganesh (Babarao) Savarkar. It grew out of the earlier Mitra Mela in Nashik and was reorganised as a secret revolutionary network in the early 1900s, with cells in several provinces and links to revolutionaries in London.

• A) Bhagat Singh: He was a leader of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), the successor of the Hindustan Republican Association founded in 1924. Abhinav Bharat is a different and earlier organisation.
• C) Barindra Kumar Ghosh: He was a key figure in the Bengal branch of the Anushilan Samiti and the Jugantar group, and was involved in the Alipore bomb case of 1908. He did not found Abhinav Bharat.
• D) Pulin Behari Das: He founded the Dhaka branch of the Anushilan Samiti in eastern Bengal. This is a separate Bengal network.

The core concept is the phase of militant, armed nationalism in the early twentieth century, when secret societies and the ideas of Savarkar, Tilak and the London India House circle shaped the revolutionary movement. For Mains, this links to GS-I on modern Indian history and to the debate on means of anti-colonial struggle.

Trap: Aspirants mix up the names of the 1920s to 1930s revolutionary groups (HRA and HSRA) with the Bengal groups (Anushilan and Jugantar) and the Savarkar-led Abhinav Bharat. Remember the founder and the era for each group separately.