With reference to the Treaty of "Aix-La-Chapelle –1748", which of the following statements is/are correct? 1) The First Carnatic War was ended. 2) The English got back Madras. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Both statements are correct, so the answer is C. The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) ended the War of Austrian Succession in Europe, and its Indian effect was to end the First Carnatic War (1746-48), which was an extension of Anglo-French rivalry.

Statement 1 is correct. The treaty restored the status quo ante, so the Carnatic conflict ended without any lasting territorial change in India.

Statement 2 is correct. Madras, captured by the French under La Bourdonnais and Dupleix in 1746, was returned to the English. In exchange, the English gave up Louisbourg in Nova Scotia to France.

• Option A is wrong because it ignores the restoration of Madras to the English.
• Option B is wrong because it leaves out the ending of the First Carnatic War.
• Option D is wrong because both statements are accurate.

Core concept: European treaties could decide the fate of Indian territories. This is a useful Mains angle on how Anglo-French rivalry in India prefigured Plassey and the Third Carnatic War, which the Treaty of Paris (1763) settled.

Trap: Aspirants often assume the treaty was purely European and choose A, or assume Madras stayed with the French.