In the removal of which of the following officials, does the Parliament NOT play any role? 1) Judges of the High Court 2) Judges of the Supreme Court 3) Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission 4) Comptroller and Auditor General of India Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

The answer is D, because only statement 3 fits the question. Parliament plays no role in removing the UPSC Chairman or members. Under Article 317, the President removes them for misbehaviour, but only after the Supreme Court, on reference, inquires and advises removal. Parliament is not involved at any stage.

• Statement 1 is wrong: High Court judges are removed under Article 217 read with Article 124(4) and (5). Each House must pass an address by a two-thirds majority of members present and voting, and also a majority of its total membership, on grounds of proved misbehaviour or incapacity.
• Statement 2 is wrong: Supreme Court judges follow the same parliamentary address procedure under Article 124.
• Statement 4 is wrong: The CAG can be removed only in the same manner and on the same grounds as a Supreme Court judge, under Article 148(1). That means a parliamentary address.

The core concept is the graded security of tenure given to constitutional functionaries. Judges and the CAG need parliamentary involvement to protect them from executive pressure. The UPSC is protected through the Supreme Court route instead. This matters for Mains answers on institutional independence and accountability.

Trap: Aspirants assume every constitutional authority needs a parliamentary address and mark statement 3 wrong, or they confuse the UPSC with the CAG.