Which one of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?

The correct answer is A. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin, and its standard dietary sources are liver, fish liver oil, milk, egg yolk and provitamin-A carotenoids such as beta-carotene found in carrot, sweet potato and green leafy vegetables. Orange is the classic source of vitamin C, not vitamin A, so the pairing is wrong.

The other pairs are correctly matched:

• B, Vitamin C and Lemon: citrus fruits are a major source of ascorbic acid, whose deficiency causes scurvy.
• C, Vitamin D and Cod liver oil: fish liver oils are rich in vitamin D, whose deficiency causes rickets and osteomalacia.
• D, Vitamin B6 and Rice bran: pyridoxine is found in rice bran, wheat germ, pulses, and poultry.

The core concept is the split between fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (B-complex, C) vitamins, and the deficiency diseases linked to each. For Mains GS-II and GS-III, this connects to nutrition programmes, the fight against hidden hunger, and biofortification.

Trap: aspirants link orange with vitamin A because of its colour. The colour comes from carotenoids, but the standard source taught for vitamin A is carrot.