Consider the following: 1) Right to education. 2) Right to equal access to public service. 3) Right to food. Which of the above is/are Human Right/Rights under “Universal Declaration of Human Rights"?

All three rights appear in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1948, so the answer is D.

• 1 (Right to education): Article 26 says everyone has the right to education, free at least at the elementary and fundamental stages.
• 2 (Equal access to public service): Article 21(2) states that everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country.
• 3 (Right to food): Food is not named separately, but Article 25(1) guarantees an adequate standard of living, including food, clothing, housing and medical care. Food is therefore covered.

Core concept: the UDHR is a non-binding declaration. Its rights were given legal force through the ICCPR and ICESCR (1966), and the right to food was explicitly recognised under ICESCR Article 11. For Mains GS-II, this links to the debate on whether socio-economic rights are justiciable, seen in Indian Article 21 jurisprudence and the National Food Security Act, 2013.

Trap: Candidates expect the UDHR to name every right explicitly and reject option 3 because the word 'food' does not appear. Read Article 25 carefully before eliminating.