Consider the following Bhakti Saints : 1. Dadu Dayal 2. Guru Nanak 3. Tyagaraja Who among the above was/were preaching when the Lodi dynasty fell and Babur took over?

The correct answer is B, Guru Nanak alone. Lodi rule ended with the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, when Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi. So the test is whether each saint was active around 1526.

Guru Nanak (c. 1469 to 1539) was alive and preaching at that time. He had already founded the Sikh community at Kartarpur and travelled widely, spreading his message of one God, equality and honest living. He is the only one of the three who fits.

• Statement 1 (Dadu Dayal): wrong. Dadu was born around 1544, nearly two decades after Babur's victory. He founded the Dadu Panth in Rajasthan, so he was not preaching when the Lodis fell.
• Statement 3 (Tyagaraja): wrong. He lived from 1767 to 1847 and is remembered for his Carnatic devotional compositions, centuries after the Lodi period.

Core concept: chronology of the Bhakti and Sufi traditions. For Mains, Guru Nanak's movement is a good example of how religious reform fed into social egalitarianism, a recurring GS-I theme.

Trap: many candidates treat all Bhakti saints as one medieval block and pick options with two names. Always check birth and death years against the political event.