Every year, a month long ecologically important campaign/festival is held during which certain communities/ tribes plant saplings of fruit-bearing trees. Which of the following are such communities/tribes?

The answer is B (Gond and Korku). The question points to a month-long ecological festival in which tribal communities plant saplings of fruit-bearing trees. Gond and Korku tribes of central India, mainly Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Vidarbha, have traditions of tree planting and nature worship that tie forest protection to community ritual.

The other options do not fit. Bhutia and Lepcha are Himalayan communities of Sikkim and Bengal, known more for monastic and agro-pastoral traditions than for such a campaign. Irula and Toda are Nilgiri-region tribes, associated with forest produce collection and pastoralism, not this festival. Sahariya and Agariya are primitive tribal groups of central India, the Agariya known for iron smelting, and have no linked tree-planting festival.

The core concept is community-based conservation. This links to the Forest Rights Act, 2006, and the wider debate on how indigenous knowledge can support biodiversity, a standard Mains theme on tribal rights and environment.

Trap: Aspirants pick the pair they recognise as 'tribal' without checking the ecological link. Match the practice to the community, not just the region.