“To uphold and protect the Sovereignty Unity and Integrity of India” is a provision made in the

The correct answer is D. The phrase is clause (c) of Article 51A, which lists the Fundamental Duties of every citizen: to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India. Fundamental Duties were added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976), on the basis of the Swaran Singh Committee recommendations, and they sit in Part IVA.

Why the others are wrong:

• Preamble: it declares the nature of the state (sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic) and its objectives of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity. It does not impose duties on citizens.
• Directive Principles (Part IV): these are guidelines for the State in making laws and policy, and they are non-justiciable. They tell the government what to do, not the citizen.
• Fundamental Rights (Part III): these are enforceable claims against the State, such as Articles 14 to 32. The clause on protecting national unity runs in the opposite direction.

Core concept: Fundamental Duties are moral obligations on citizens, and the duties clause is a reminder that rights and duties go together. For Mains, this links to GS2 on the Constitution and to debates on national integration and the role of civic duties in governance.

Trap: candidates often pick the Preamble because it is a value-heavy statement about the nation. The Preamble states aims and identity; it never imposes obligations on citizens.