Consider the following Statements regarding the DPSP/Directive Principles of State Policy: 1) The Principles spell out the socio-economic democracy in the country.  2) The provisions contained in these Principles are not enforceable by any court. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct answer is C, because both statements are true.

Statement 1 is correct. Part IV of the Constitution lays down the Directive Principles, and the framers meant them to build a social and economic democracy alongside political democracy. Granville Austin's description of the Constitution as a 'social revolution' document rests largely on this idea. Statement 2 is also correct. Article 37 says these principles are not enforceable by any court. The state is expected to apply them in lawmaking, but a citizen cannot go to court to compel their implementation.

• Option A is wrong because statement 2 is correct and cannot be left out.
• Option B is wrong because statement 1 is also correct.
• Option D is wrong because both statements are correct.

Core concept: non-justiciable versus justiciable rights. Fundamental Rights in Part III are enforceable under Article 32, while DPSP are not. This distinction is central to Mains questions on balancing civil liberties against welfare obligations, and on how courts have harmonised the two, as in Minerva Mills (1980), where the balance between Parts III and IV was held to be part of the basic structure.

Trap: aspirants see 'socio-economic democracy' and assume it belongs to Fundamental Rights, or they accept that the principles are non-enforceable but then dismiss statement 1 as vague. Both statements come straight from the text of Part IV.