Consider the following statements: The India-Africa Summit 1. held in 2015 was the third such Summit 2. was actually initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct answer is A) 1 only. The India-Africa Forum Summit held in New Delhi in October 2015 was the third in the series, after the first in New Delhi in 2008 and the second in Addis Ababa in 2011. So Statement 1 is correct.

Statement 2 is wrong. The India-Africa Summit was an Indian initiative of the 2000s, not something Nehru started in 1951. Nehru's Africa links lie in Asia-Africa gatherings such as the Asian Relations Conference (1947) and the Bandung Conference (1955), which were not an India-Africa summit series.

Core concept: India's Africa diplomacy, the summit format, and South-South cooperation. For Mains (GS-2, International Relations), link it to India's partnerships on capacity building, energy and development finance, and to the African Union's role as a channel for that engagement.

Trap: candidates pick C because Nehru is strongly associated with Africa in memory. Check the year and the actor before accepting any "initiated by" claim.