The term "two-state solution" is sometimes mentioned in the news in the context of the affairs of

The correct answer is B) Israel. The two-state solution refers to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict: an independent Palestinian state living alongside Israel, with the 1947 UN Partition Plan (General Assembly Resolution 181) as its starting point. The Oslo Accords (1993-95) gave it the main diplomatic framework. India has consistently supported this position and recognised Palestine in 1988.

• China: The cross-strait issue with Taiwan is framed under the 'One China' principle, not as a two-state solution.
• Iraq: Post-2003 debates centred on federal arrangements for Sunni, Shia and Kurdish regions, not on two states.
• Yemen: North and South Yemen merged in 1990. The recent conflict since 2015 is a civil war with regional intervention, not a two-state framing.

For Mains GS-II, this links to India's foreign policy balancing Israel and Palestine, and to the debate over the peace process since the Oslo framework.

Trap: Aspirants who recall the Taiwan dispute or Yemen's north-south split may pick A or D. Anchor the term to the Israel-Palestine conflict first.