In 1920, which of the following changed its name to “Swarajya Sabha”?

The answer is A) All India Home Rule League. In 1920, the Home Rule League led by Annie Besant was renamed the Swarajya Sabha, which reflected its goal of self-rule within the British Empire. The League had been active since 1916, when Besant and Tilak's movement mobilised for Home Rule, and the rename marked the League moving toward a more organised political identity.

Why the others are wrong:

• B) Hindu Mahasabha: Founded in 1915 as a Hindu communal platform. It never took the name Swarajya Sabha.
• C) South Indian Liberal Federation: A moderate, Madras-based body formed in 1918 that worked for non-Brahmin and liberal interests. It did not carry this name change.
• D) The Servants of India Society: Founded by G.K. Gokhale in 1905 as a moderate, service-oriented organisation. It was not renamed.

The core concept is the Home Rule movement and the shift from moderate petitioning to demands for self-government. For Mains GS-I, this ties into the post-1916 mass politics that led to the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Trap: Aspirants confuse the Home Rule League with the Indian National Congress or with the later Non-Cooperation phase, and pick a moderate body like the Servants of India Society.