Which one of the following National Parks lies completely in the temperature alpine zone?

Valley of Flowers National Park lies in the Nanda Devi landscape of Chamoli district, Uttarakhand. Its meadows sit roughly between 3,500 and 6,000 m, above the treeline, so the park lies wholly in the alpine zone. It was notified as a national park in 1982 and, together with Nanda Devi National Park, was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005.

• Manas (A): Assam, on the Bhutan foothills, with tropical and subtropical forests. Not alpine.
• Namdapha (B): Arunachal Pradesh. It spans tropical evergreen forest up to alpine vegetation, so it is not completely alpine.
• Neora Valley (C): Kalimpong, West Bengal, with temperate and subtropical forests. Not alpine throughout.

Core concept: altitudinal zonation of Himalayan vegetation (subtropical, temperate, subalpine, alpine). For Mains, it links to biodiversity conservation in fragile high-altitude ecosystems and the trade-off with trekking and tourism.

Trap: Picking Namdapha because it is the largest or most diverse Himalayan park. Spanning several zones is exactly what rules it out here.