UPSC IAS - 2020

One common agreement between Gandhism and Marxism is

Year Asked: 2020

A
the final goal of a stateless society
B
class struggle
C
abolition of private property
D
economic determinism

Correct Answer

A. the final goal of a stateless society

Detailed Explanation

The correct answer is A. Both Gandhi and Marx ultimately envisioned a society without the coercive state. Marx saw the state as an instrument of class rule that would wither away once classes disappeared, leading to a classless, stateless communist society. Gandhi's Ramrajya was a self-regulating community of self-restraining individuals with minimal political power. He described the ideal as close to anarchism, and in Hind Swaraj he criticised the modern state as an instrument of violence.

Why the others fail:

  • B) Class struggle is central to Marxism (Communist Manifesto, 1848). Gandhi rejected it and sought harmony between classes through trusteeship.
  • C) Abolition of private property is a Marxist programme. Gandhi accepted private property and proposed trusteeship, where the wealthy hold wealth for social welfare.
  • D) Economic determinism is the materialist view of history, a Marxist idea Gandhi did not share. He stressed moral and spiritual factors.

Syllabus link: this falls under Modern Indian Thought and Political Philosophy, and it gives a useful Mains angle on whether Gandhi's means differ from Marx's ends even where the ends overlap.

Trap: candidates pick B or C because they associate Gandhi with socialism and welfare. The question asks for a shared goal, not a shared method. Gandhi's ideal overlaps with Marx's stateless end even though their methods and economics differ sharply.

This question appeared in UPSC Prelims 2020 GS Paper-1 .

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