UPSC IAS - 2021

With reference to India, the terms ‘Halbi, Ho and Kui’ pertain to ​

Year Asked: 2021

A
Dance forms of Northwest India​
B
Musical instruments​
C
Pre-historic cave paintings​
D
Tribal languages​

Correct Answer

D. Tribal languages

Detailed Explanation

Halbi, Ho and Kui are all tribal languages, so D is correct. Halbi is an Indo-Aryan language of the Halba community in Bastar, Chhattisgarh. Ho is a Munda (Austroasiatic) language spoken in Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal. Kui is a Dravidian language of the Kondh community in Odisha.

The question tests whether you can place these names in their language families. They belong to three different families, which shows how varied India's tribal linguistic landscape is. That diversity links directly to Mains questions on the Eighth Schedule, mother-tongue education under NEP 2020 and tribal rights under the Fifth and Sixth Schedules.

  • A) Dance forms of Northwest India: Wrong. These are languages, not dances, and none is a northwest tradition.
  • B) Musical instruments: Wrong. Instruments like veena or tabla have no connection to these terms.
  • C) Pre-historic cave paintings: Wrong. Bhimbetka and Kupgallu are the rock-art sites, and these names are not linked to them.

Trap: Aspirants who treat Halbi as a cultural or regional term and pick A. Identify the tribe-language link before reaching for culture.

This question appeared in UPSC Prelims 2021 GS Paper-1.

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