Answer: (b)

Explanation:
Statement I is correct. India's Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) provides the overarching framework for transitioning to a low-carbon economy and is aligned with the national goal of achieving net-zero emissions by 2070. It is a long-term planning instrument rather than a short-term target mechanism.

Statement II is correct. India's Biennial Update Report (BUR-4) India submitted in December 2024 reportedly noted a decline of around 8% in greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 compared to 2019, largely influenced by reduced economic activity during the COVID-19 period and improvements in emission intensity. This empirical trend supports the idea that emissions can fluctuate even while long-term strategies are being pursued.

Statement III is incorrect: Climate-resilient development does not necessarily depend on immediate, quick short-term cuts at the expense of adaptation. It is widely understood to be a holistic, long-term systemic process that balances mitigation with ongoing socio-economic development and vulnerability reduction.

Evaluating relationships:
1. Statement I is empirically supported by statement II → Correct
2. Statement III contradicts the approach implicit in statement I → Correct
3. Statement I and statement III together establish the premise of long-term sustainability → Incorrect