Answer: (c)

Explanation:
The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents. The Bardoli Satyagraha was a well-organized peasant movement in Gujarat protesting against the sharp increase in land revenue imposed by the British administration. It was led by Vallabhbhai Patel and involved refusing to pay the enhanced revenue demand until it was rolled back.

The Eka Movement, on the other hand, occurred mainly in parts of Awadh and adjoining regions and was directed against excessive rent extraction, illegal cesses, and oppressive practices of landlords (zamindars), rather than state-imposed revenue enhancement.

The other options are incorrect because the Eka Movement was not led by taluqdars (who were actually part of the landed elite opposed by peasants), Bardoli was strongly associated with Congress leadership rather than being initially independent of it, and both movements are incorrectly geographically described in option (d). Therefore, option (c) correctly distinguishes the core nature of the two movements.